Social Adversity and Psychosis: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Vulnerability

Edo S Jaya; Leonie Ascone; Tania M Lincoln

doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw104

Social Adversity and Psychosis: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Vulnerability

Standard

Social Adversity and Psychosis: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Vulnerability. / Jaya, Edo S; Ascone, Leonie; Lincoln, Tania M.

In: SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL, Vol. 43, No. 3, 01.05.2017, p. 557-565.

Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review

Harvard

Jaya, ES, Ascone, L & Lincoln, TM 2017, 'Social Adversity and Psychosis: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Vulnerability', SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 557-565. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbw104

APA

Jaya, E. S., Ascone, L., & Lincoln, T. M. (2017). Social Adversity and Psychosis: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Vulnerability. SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL, 43(3), 557-565. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbw104

Vancouver

Jaya ES, Ascone L, Lincoln TM. Social Adversity and Psychosis: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Vulnerability. SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL. 2017 May 1;43(3):557-565. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbw104

Bibtex

@article{357d064b44f848fc98a3b13dcb8c6378,

title = "Social Adversity and Psychosis: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Vulnerability",

abstract = "Background: Social adversity is a risk factor for psychosis, but the translating mechanisms are not well understood. This study tests whether the relationship between social adversity and psychosis is mediated by cognitive vulnerability in the form of low perceived social rank, negative schemas related to self and other, and loneliness and whether the putative mediations are specific to psychosis or are largely explained by depression.Methods: The study was a survey in a community sample (N = 2350) from Germany (n = 786), Indonesia (n = 844), and the United States (n = 720). Mediation path analysis with structural equation modeling was used to test for the specificity of the hypothesized paths to psychosis controlling for depression.Results: Social adversity had a significant medium to large effect on positive (R2 = .20) and negative symptoms (R2 = .38). Social rank, negative schemas, and loneliness significantly mediated the relationship between social adversity and negative symptoms and the models explained a large amount of the variance (R2 = .43-.44). For positive symptoms, only negative schemas were a significant mediator (R2 = .27).Discussion: The results emphasize the role of social adversity in psychosis and support the assumption that cognitive vulnerability is a relevant translating mechanism as postulated by the social defeat hypothesis and cognitive models of psychosis. This underlines the relevance of the clinical practice of targeting beliefs in cognitive interventions for psychosis. It also indicates that targeting cognitive vulnerability in people experiencing social adversity could be a promising approach to prevention.",

keywords = "Adolescent, Adult, Adult Survivors of Child Adverse Events/statistics & numerical data, Aged, Bullying/statistics & numerical data, Female, Germany/epidemiology, Hierarchy, Social, Humans, Indonesia/epidemiology, Loneliness, Male, Middle Aged, Psychotic Disorders/epidemiology, Social Class, Social Distance, Social Support, United States/epidemiology, Young Adult",

author = "Jaya, {Edo S} and Leonie Ascone and Lincoln, {Tania M}",

note = "{\textcopyright} The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com",

year = "2017",

month = may,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/schbul/sbw104",

language = "English",

volume = "43",

pages = "557--565",

journal = "SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL",

issn = "0586-7614",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "3",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Social Adversity and Psychosis: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Vulnerability

AU - Jaya, Edo S

AU - Ascone, Leonie

AU - Lincoln, Tania M

PY - 2017/5/1

Y1 - 2017/5/1

N2 - Background: Social adversity is a risk factor for psychosis, but the translating mechanisms are not well understood. This study tests whether the relationship between social adversity and psychosis is mediated by cognitive vulnerability in the form of low perceived social rank, negative schemas related to self and other, and loneliness and whether the putative mediations are specific to psychosis or are largely explained by depression.Methods: The study was a survey in a community sample (N = 2350) from Germany (n = 786), Indonesia (n = 844), and the United States (n = 720). Mediation path analysis with structural equation modeling was used to test for the specificity of the hypothesized paths to psychosis controlling for depression.Results: Social adversity had a significant medium to large effect on positive (R2 = .20) and negative symptoms (R2 = .38). Social rank, negative schemas, and loneliness significantly mediated the relationship between social adversity and negative symptoms and the models explained a large amount of the variance (R2 = .43-.44). For positive symptoms, only negative schemas were a significant mediator (R2 = .27).Discussion: The results emphasize the role of social adversity in psychosis and support the assumption that cognitive vulnerability is a relevant translating mechanism as postulated by the social defeat hypothesis and cognitive models of psychosis. This underlines the relevance of the clinical practice of targeting beliefs in cognitive interventions for psychosis. It also indicates that targeting cognitive vulnerability in people experiencing social adversity could be a promising approach to prevention.

AB - Background: Social adversity is a risk factor for psychosis, but the translating mechanisms are not well understood. This study tests whether the relationship between social adversity and psychosis is mediated by cognitive vulnerability in the form of low perceived social rank, negative schemas related to self and other, and loneliness and whether the putative mediations are specific to psychosis or are largely explained by depression.Methods: The study was a survey in a community sample (N = 2350) from Germany (n = 786), Indonesia (n = 844), and the United States (n = 720). Mediation path analysis with structural equation modeling was used to test for the specificity of the hypothesized paths to psychosis controlling for depression.Results: Social adversity had a significant medium to large effect on positive (R2 = .20) and negative symptoms (R2 = .38). Social rank, negative schemas, and loneliness significantly mediated the relationship between social adversity and negative symptoms and the models explained a large amount of the variance (R2 = .43-.44). For positive symptoms, only negative schemas were a significant mediator (R2 = .27).Discussion: The results emphasize the role of social adversity in psychosis and support the assumption that cognitive vulnerability is a relevant translating mechanism as postulated by the social defeat hypothesis and cognitive models of psychosis. This underlines the relevance of the clinical practice of targeting beliefs in cognitive interventions for psychosis. It also indicates that targeting cognitive vulnerability in people experiencing social adversity could be a promising approach to prevention.

KW - Adolescent

KW - Adult

KW - Adult Survivors of Child Adverse Events/statistics & numerical data

KW - Aged

KW - Bullying/statistics & numerical data

KW - Female

KW - Germany/epidemiology

KW - Hierarchy, Social

KW - Humans

KW - Indonesia/epidemiology

KW - Loneliness

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Psychotic Disorders/epidemiology

KW - Social Class

KW - Social Distance

KW - Social Support

KW - United States/epidemiology

KW - Young Adult

U2 - 10.1093/schbul/sbw104

DO - 10.1093/schbul/sbw104

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 27451429

VL - 43

SP - 557

EP - 565

JO - SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL

JF - SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL

SN - 0586-7614

IS - 3

ER -