Social Adversity and Psychosis: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Vulnerability
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Social Adversity and Psychosis: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Vulnerability. / Jaya, Edo S; Ascone, Leonie; Lincoln, Tania M.
in: SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL, Jahrgang 43, Nr. 3, 01.05.2017, S. 557-565.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz › Forschung › Begutachtung
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Social Adversity and Psychosis: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Vulnerability
AU - Jaya, Edo S
AU - Ascone, Leonie
AU - Lincoln, Tania M
N1 - © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com
PY - 2017/5/1
Y1 - 2017/5/1
N2 - Background: Social adversity is a risk factor for psychosis, but the translating mechanisms are not well understood. This study tests whether the relationship between social adversity and psychosis is mediated by cognitive vulnerability in the form of low perceived social rank, negative schemas related to self and other, and loneliness and whether the putative mediations are specific to psychosis or are largely explained by depression.Methods: The study was a survey in a community sample (N = 2350) from Germany (n = 786), Indonesia (n = 844), and the United States (n = 720). Mediation path analysis with structural equation modeling was used to test for the specificity of the hypothesized paths to psychosis controlling for depression.Results: Social adversity had a significant medium to large effect on positive (R2 = .20) and negative symptoms (R2 = .38). Social rank, negative schemas, and loneliness significantly mediated the relationship between social adversity and negative symptoms and the models explained a large amount of the variance (R2 = .43-.44). For positive symptoms, only negative schemas were a significant mediator (R2 = .27).Discussion: The results emphasize the role of social adversity in psychosis and support the assumption that cognitive vulnerability is a relevant translating mechanism as postulated by the social defeat hypothesis and cognitive models of psychosis. This underlines the relevance of the clinical practice of targeting beliefs in cognitive interventions for psychosis. It also indicates that targeting cognitive vulnerability in people experiencing social adversity could be a promising approach to prevention.
AB - Background: Social adversity is a risk factor for psychosis, but the translating mechanisms are not well understood. This study tests whether the relationship between social adversity and psychosis is mediated by cognitive vulnerability in the form of low perceived social rank, negative schemas related to self and other, and loneliness and whether the putative mediations are specific to psychosis or are largely explained by depression.Methods: The study was a survey in a community sample (N = 2350) from Germany (n = 786), Indonesia (n = 844), and the United States (n = 720). Mediation path analysis with structural equation modeling was used to test for the specificity of the hypothesized paths to psychosis controlling for depression.Results: Social adversity had a significant medium to large effect on positive (R2 = .20) and negative symptoms (R2 = .38). Social rank, negative schemas, and loneliness significantly mediated the relationship between social adversity and negative symptoms and the models explained a large amount of the variance (R2 = .43-.44). For positive symptoms, only negative schemas were a significant mediator (R2 = .27).Discussion: The results emphasize the role of social adversity in psychosis and support the assumption that cognitive vulnerability is a relevant translating mechanism as postulated by the social defeat hypothesis and cognitive models of psychosis. This underlines the relevance of the clinical practice of targeting beliefs in cognitive interventions for psychosis. It also indicates that targeting cognitive vulnerability in people experiencing social adversity could be a promising approach to prevention.
KW - Adolescent
KW - Adult
KW - Adult Survivors of Child Adverse Events/statistics & numerical data
KW - Aged
KW - Bullying/statistics & numerical data
KW - Female
KW - Germany/epidemiology
KW - Hierarchy, Social
KW - Humans
KW - Indonesia/epidemiology
KW - Loneliness
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Psychotic Disorders/epidemiology
KW - Social Class
KW - Social Distance
KW - Social Support
KW - United States/epidemiology
KW - Young Adult
U2 - 10.1093/schbul/sbw104
DO - 10.1093/schbul/sbw104
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 27451429
VL - 43
SP - 557
EP - 565
JO - SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL
JF - SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL
SN - 0586-7614
IS - 3
ER -