Guidelines for assessment of cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias in small animals

TY - JOUR

T1 - Guidelines for assessment of cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias in small animals

AU - Ripplinger, Crystal M

AU - Glukhov, Alexey V

AU - Kay, Matthew W

AU - Boukens, Bastiaan J

AU - Chiamvimonvat, Nipavan

AU - Delisle, Brian P

AU - Fabritz, Larissa

AU - Hund, Thomas J

AU - Knollmann, Bjorn C

AU - Li, Na

AU - Murray, Katherine T

AU - Poelzing, Steven

AU - Quinn, T Alexander

AU - Remme, Carol Ann

AU - Rentschler, Stacey L

AU - Rose, Robert A

AU - Posnack, Nikki G

PY - 2022/12/1

Y1 - 2022/12/1

N2 - Cardiac arrhythmias are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although recent advances in cell-based models, including human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CM), are contributing to our understanding of electrophysiology and arrhythmia mechanisms, preclinical animal studies of cardiovascular disease remain a mainstay. Over the past several decades, animal models of cardiovascular disease have advanced our understanding of pathological remodeling, arrhythmia mechanisms, and drug effects and have led to major improvements in pacing and defibrillation therapies. There exist a variety of methodological approaches for the assessment of cardiac electrophysiology and a plethora of parameters may be assessed with each approach. This guidelines article will provide an overview of the strengths and limitations of several common techniques used to assess electrophysiology and arrhythmia mechanisms at the whole animal, whole heart, and tissue level with a focus on small animal models. We also define key electrophysiological parameters that should be assessed, along with their physiological underpinnings, and the best methods with which to assess these parameters.

AB - Cardiac arrhythmias are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although recent advances in cell-based models, including human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CM), are contributing to our understanding of electrophysiology and arrhythmia mechanisms, preclinical animal studies of cardiovascular disease remain a mainstay. Over the past several decades, animal models of cardiovascular disease have advanced our understanding of pathological remodeling, arrhythmia mechanisms, and drug effects and have led to major improvements in pacing and defibrillation therapies. There exist a variety of methodological approaches for the assessment of cardiac electrophysiology and a plethora of parameters may be assessed with each approach. This guidelines article will provide an overview of the strengths and limitations of several common techniques used to assess electrophysiology and arrhythmia mechanisms at the whole animal, whole heart, and tissue level with a focus on small animal models. We also define key electrophysiological parameters that should be assessed, along with their physiological underpinnings, and the best methods with which to assess these parameters.

KW - Animals

KW - Humans

KW - Cardiovascular Diseases

KW - Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac

KW - Arrhythmias, Cardiac/etiology

KW - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

KW - Myocytes, Cardiac

U2 - 10.1152/ajpheart.00439.2022

DO - 10.1152/ajpheart.00439.2022

M3 - SCORING: Review article

C2 - 36269644

VL - 323

SP - H1137-H1166

JO - AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C

JF - AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C

SN - 0363-6135

IS - 6

ER -