DSM-5 and ICD-11 definitions of posttraumatic stress disorder: investigating "narrow" and "broad" approaches
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DSM-5 and ICD-11 definitions of posttraumatic stress disorder: investigating "narrow" and "broad" approaches. / Stein, Dan J; McLaughlin, Katie A; Koenen, Karestan C; Atwoli, Lukoye; Friedman, Matthew J; Hill, Eric D; Maercker, Andreas; Petukhova, Maria; Shahly, Victoria; van Ommeren, Mark; Alonso, Jordi; Borges, Guilherme; de Girolamo, Giovanni; de Jonge, Peter; Demyttenaere, Koen; Florescu, Silvia; Karam, Elie G; Kawakami, Norito; Matschinger, Herbert; Okoliyski, Michail; Posada-Villa, Jose; Scott, Kate M; Viana, Maria Carmen; Kessler, Ronald C.
In: DEPRESS ANXIETY, Vol. 31, No. 6, 01.06.2014, p. 494-505.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - DSM-5 and ICD-11 definitions of posttraumatic stress disorder: investigating "narrow" and "broad" approaches
AU - Stein, Dan J
AU - McLaughlin, Katie A
AU - Koenen, Karestan C
AU - Atwoli, Lukoye
AU - Friedman, Matthew J
AU - Hill, Eric D
AU - Maercker, Andreas
AU - Petukhova, Maria
AU - Shahly, Victoria
AU - van Ommeren, Mark
AU - Alonso, Jordi
AU - Borges, Guilherme
AU - de Girolamo, Giovanni
AU - de Jonge, Peter
AU - Demyttenaere, Koen
AU - Florescu, Silvia
AU - Karam, Elie G
AU - Kawakami, Norito
AU - Matschinger, Herbert
AU - Okoliyski, Michail
AU - Posada-Villa, Jose
AU - Scott, Kate M
AU - Viana, Maria Carmen
AU - Kessler, Ronald C
N1 - © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PY - 2014/6/1
Y1 - 2014/6/1
N2 - BACKGROUND: The development of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5) and ICD-11 has led to reconsideration of diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys allow investigation of the implications of the changing criteria compared to DSM-IV and ICD-10.METHODS: WMH Surveys in 13 countries asked respondents to enumerate all their lifetime traumatic events (TEs) and randomly selected one TE per respondent for PTSD assessment. DSM-IV and ICD-10 PTSD were assessed for the 23,936 respondents who reported lifetime TEs in these surveys with the fully structured Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). DSM-5 and proposed ICD-11 criteria were approximated. Associations of the different criteria sets with indicators of clinical severity (distress-impairment, suicidality, comorbid fear-distress disorders, PTSD symptom duration) were examined to investigate the implications of using the different systems.RESULTS: A total of 5.6% of respondents met criteria for "broadly defined" PTSD (i.e., full criteria in at least one diagnostic system), with prevalence ranging from 3.0% with DSM-5 to 4.4% with ICD-10. Only one-third of broadly defined cases met criteria in all four systems and another one third in only one system (narrowly defined cases). Between-system differences in indicators of clinical severity suggest that ICD-10 criteria are least strict and DSM-IV criteria most strict. The more striking result, though, is that significantly elevated indicators of clinical significance were found even for narrowly defined cases for each of the four diagnostic systems.CONCLUSIONS: These results argue for a broad definition of PTSD defined by any one of the different systems to capture all clinically significant cases of PTSD in future studies.
AB - BACKGROUND: The development of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5) and ICD-11 has led to reconsideration of diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys allow investigation of the implications of the changing criteria compared to DSM-IV and ICD-10.METHODS: WMH Surveys in 13 countries asked respondents to enumerate all their lifetime traumatic events (TEs) and randomly selected one TE per respondent for PTSD assessment. DSM-IV and ICD-10 PTSD were assessed for the 23,936 respondents who reported lifetime TEs in these surveys with the fully structured Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). DSM-5 and proposed ICD-11 criteria were approximated. Associations of the different criteria sets with indicators of clinical severity (distress-impairment, suicidality, comorbid fear-distress disorders, PTSD symptom duration) were examined to investigate the implications of using the different systems.RESULTS: A total of 5.6% of respondents met criteria for "broadly defined" PTSD (i.e., full criteria in at least one diagnostic system), with prevalence ranging from 3.0% with DSM-5 to 4.4% with ICD-10. Only one-third of broadly defined cases met criteria in all four systems and another one third in only one system (narrowly defined cases). Between-system differences in indicators of clinical severity suggest that ICD-10 criteria are least strict and DSM-IV criteria most strict. The more striking result, though, is that significantly elevated indicators of clinical significance were found even for narrowly defined cases for each of the four diagnostic systems.CONCLUSIONS: These results argue for a broad definition of PTSD defined by any one of the different systems to capture all clinically significant cases of PTSD in future studies.
KW - Americas
KW - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
KW - Europe
KW - Global Health
KW - Humans
KW - International Classification of Diseases
KW - Japan
KW - Life Change Events
KW - New Zealand
KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
U2 - 10.1002/da.22279
DO - 10.1002/da.22279
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 24894802
VL - 31
SP - 494
EP - 505
JO - DEPRESS ANXIETY
JF - DEPRESS ANXIETY
SN - 1091-4269
IS - 6
ER -