Development of a short version of the Neck Pain and Disability Scale
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Development of a short version of the Neck Pain and Disability Scale. / Blozik, Eva; Kochen, Michael M; Herrmann-Lingen, Christoph; Scherer, Martin.
In: EUR J PAIN, Vol. 14, No. 8, 09.2010, p. 864.e1-7.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Development of a short version of the Neck Pain and Disability Scale
AU - Blozik, Eva
AU - Kochen, Michael M
AU - Herrmann-Lingen, Christoph
AU - Scherer, Martin
N1 - Copyright 2010 European Federation of International Association for the Study of Pain Chapters. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PY - 2010/9
Y1 - 2010/9
N2 - Previous evaluations of the 20-item Neck Pain and Disability Scale (NPAD) were indicative of excessive redundancy of the measure. The aim of this study was to develop a shortened version of the NPAD (sf-NPAD) based on results of item-to-total-score correlations and factor analysis as published by the developers of the original NPAD. Two items with the highest item-to-total score correlation were selected per factor subscale with the exception of one factor consisting of only one item. This resulted in the selection of 9 items for the sf-NPAD. The sf-NPAD was validated in a separate sample of 448 neck pain patients from 15 general practices in the area of Göttingen/Germany. Participants completed the 20-item NPAD German version and gave additional sociodemographic and clinical information. Psychometric properties of the sf-NPAD were evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, item-to-total-score correlation, and unrestricted principal factor analysis. Construct validity was evaluated by Pearson's r with clinical characteristics. Discriminative validity was examined by comparing differences between subgroups stratified by psychosocial characteristics using t-tests for mean scores. Cronbach's alpha of the sf-NPAD was 0.88. Item-to-total-scale correlations ranged between 0.628 and 0.815, and sf-NPAD items homogeneously loaded on a single factor. Correlation analysis showed high correlations with criterion variables. The sf-NPAD scores of patient subgroups were significantly different showing good discriminative validity. In conclusion, the sf-NPAD demonstrated good validity and internal consistency in this general practice setting. The abbreviated version may facilitate applicability of the scale in clinical and research settings.
AB - Previous evaluations of the 20-item Neck Pain and Disability Scale (NPAD) were indicative of excessive redundancy of the measure. The aim of this study was to develop a shortened version of the NPAD (sf-NPAD) based on results of item-to-total-score correlations and factor analysis as published by the developers of the original NPAD. Two items with the highest item-to-total score correlation were selected per factor subscale with the exception of one factor consisting of only one item. This resulted in the selection of 9 items for the sf-NPAD. The sf-NPAD was validated in a separate sample of 448 neck pain patients from 15 general practices in the area of Göttingen/Germany. Participants completed the 20-item NPAD German version and gave additional sociodemographic and clinical information. Psychometric properties of the sf-NPAD were evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, item-to-total-score correlation, and unrestricted principal factor analysis. Construct validity was evaluated by Pearson's r with clinical characteristics. Discriminative validity was examined by comparing differences between subgroups stratified by psychosocial characteristics using t-tests for mean scores. Cronbach's alpha of the sf-NPAD was 0.88. Item-to-total-scale correlations ranged between 0.628 and 0.815, and sf-NPAD items homogeneously loaded on a single factor. Correlation analysis showed high correlations with criterion variables. The sf-NPAD scores of patient subgroups were significantly different showing good discriminative validity. In conclusion, the sf-NPAD demonstrated good validity and internal consistency in this general practice setting. The abbreviated version may facilitate applicability of the scale in clinical and research settings.
KW - Adult
KW - Aged
KW - Aged, 80 and over
KW - Disability Evaluation
KW - Factor Analysis, Statistical
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Neck Pain
KW - Pain Measurement
KW - Psychometrics
KW - Reproducibility of Results
KW - Surveys and Questionnaires
U2 - 10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.12.006
DO - 10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.12.006
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 20096613
VL - 14
SP - 864.e1-7
JO - EUR J PAIN
JF - EUR J PAIN
SN - 1090-3801
IS - 8
ER -