Connectomic comparison of mouse and human cortex
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Connectomic comparison of mouse and human cortex. / Loomba, Sahil; Straehle, Jakob; Gangadharan, Vijayan; Heike, Natalie; Khalifa, Abdelrahman; Motta, Alessandro; Ju, Niansheng; Sievers, Meike; Gempt, Jens; Meyer, Hanno S; Helmstaedter, Moritz.
In: SCIENCE, Vol. 377, No. 6602, 08.07.2022, p. eabo0924.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Connectomic comparison of mouse and human cortex
AU - Loomba, Sahil
AU - Straehle, Jakob
AU - Gangadharan, Vijayan
AU - Heike, Natalie
AU - Khalifa, Abdelrahman
AU - Motta, Alessandro
AU - Ju, Niansheng
AU - Sievers, Meike
AU - Gempt, Jens
AU - Meyer, Hanno S
AU - Helmstaedter, Moritz
PY - 2022/7/8
Y1 - 2022/7/8
N2 - The human cerebral cortex houses 1000 times more neurons than that of the cerebral cortex of a mouse, but the possible differences in synaptic circuits between these species are still poorly understood. We used three-dimensional electron microscopy of mouse, macaque, and human cortical samples to study their cell type composition and synaptic circuit architecture. The 2.5-fold increase in interneurons in humans compared with mice was compensated by a change in axonal connection probabilities and therefore did not yield a commensurate increase in inhibitory-versus-excitatory synaptic input balance on human pyramidal cells. Rather, increased inhibition created an expanded interneuron-to-interneuron network, driven by an expansion of interneuron-targeting interneuron types and an increase in their synaptic selectivity for interneuron innervation. These constitute key neuronal network alterations in the human cortex.
AB - The human cerebral cortex houses 1000 times more neurons than that of the cerebral cortex of a mouse, but the possible differences in synaptic circuits between these species are still poorly understood. We used three-dimensional electron microscopy of mouse, macaque, and human cortical samples to study their cell type composition and synaptic circuit architecture. The 2.5-fold increase in interneurons in humans compared with mice was compensated by a change in axonal connection probabilities and therefore did not yield a commensurate increase in inhibitory-versus-excitatory synaptic input balance on human pyramidal cells. Rather, increased inhibition created an expanded interneuron-to-interneuron network, driven by an expansion of interneuron-targeting interneuron types and an increase in their synaptic selectivity for interneuron innervation. These constitute key neuronal network alterations in the human cortex.
KW - Animals
KW - Cerebral Cortex/ultrastructure
KW - Connectome
KW - Humans
KW - Interneurons/ultrastructure
KW - Macaca
KW - Mice
KW - Pyramidal Cells/ultrastructure
U2 - 10.1126/science.abo0924
DO - 10.1126/science.abo0924
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 35737810
VL - 377
SP - eabo0924
JO - SCIENCE
JF - SCIENCE
SN - 0036-8075
IS - 6602
ER -