The R1441C-LRRK2 mutation induces myeloid immune cell exhaustion in an age- and sex-dependent manner
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The R1441C-LRRK2 mutation induces myeloid immune cell exhaustion in an age- and sex-dependent manner. / Wallings, Rebecca; McFarland, Karen; Staley, Hannah; Neighbarger, Noelle; Schaake, Susen; Brueggemann, Norbert; Zittel, Simone; Usnich, Tatiana; Klein, Christine; Sammler, Esther; Tansey, Malu Gamez.
in: bioRxiv, 02.05.2024.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › Preprint › Forschung
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T1 - The R1441C-LRRK2 mutation induces myeloid immune cell exhaustion in an age- and sex-dependent manner
AU - Wallings, Rebecca
AU - McFarland, Karen
AU - Staley, Hannah
AU - Neighbarger, Noelle
AU - Schaake, Susen
AU - Brueggemann, Norbert
AU - Zittel, Simone
AU - Usnich, Tatiana
AU - Klein, Christine
AU - Sammler, Esther
AU - Tansey, Malu Gamez
PY - 2024/5/2
Y1 - 2024/5/2
N2 - Considering age is the greatest risk factor for many neurodegenerative diseases, aging, in particular aging of the immune system, is the most underappreciated and understudied contributing factor in the neurodegeneration field. Genetic variation around the LRRK2 gene affects risk of both familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). The leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) protein has been implicated in peripheral immune signaling, however, the effects of an aging immune system on LRRK2 function have been neglected to be considered. We demonstrate here that the R1441C mutation induces a hyper-responsive phenotype in macrophages from young female mice, characterized by increased effector functions, including stimulation-dependent antigen presentation, cytokine release, phagocytosis, and lysosomal function. This is followed by age-acquired immune cell exhaustion in a Lrrk2-kinase-dependent manner. Immune-exhausted macrophages exhibit suppressed antigen presentation and hypophagocytosis, which is also demonstrated in myeloid cells from R1441C and Y1699C-PD patients. Our novel findings that LRRK2 mutations confer immunological advantage at a young age but may predispose the carrier to age-acquired immune exhaustion have significant implications for LRRK2 biology and therapeutic development. Indeed, LRRK2 has become an appealing target in PD, but our findings suggest that more research is required to understand the cell-type specific consequences and optimal timing of LRRK2-targeting therapeutics.
AB - Considering age is the greatest risk factor for many neurodegenerative diseases, aging, in particular aging of the immune system, is the most underappreciated and understudied contributing factor in the neurodegeneration field. Genetic variation around the LRRK2 gene affects risk of both familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). The leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) protein has been implicated in peripheral immune signaling, however, the effects of an aging immune system on LRRK2 function have been neglected to be considered. We demonstrate here that the R1441C mutation induces a hyper-responsive phenotype in macrophages from young female mice, characterized by increased effector functions, including stimulation-dependent antigen presentation, cytokine release, phagocytosis, and lysosomal function. This is followed by age-acquired immune cell exhaustion in a Lrrk2-kinase-dependent manner. Immune-exhausted macrophages exhibit suppressed antigen presentation and hypophagocytosis, which is also demonstrated in myeloid cells from R1441C and Y1699C-PD patients. Our novel findings that LRRK2 mutations confer immunological advantage at a young age but may predispose the carrier to age-acquired immune exhaustion have significant implications for LRRK2 biology and therapeutic development. Indeed, LRRK2 has become an appealing target in PD, but our findings suggest that more research is required to understand the cell-type specific consequences and optimal timing of LRRK2-targeting therapeutics.
U2 - 10.1101/2023.10.12.562063
DO - 10.1101/2023.10.12.562063
M3 - Preprint
C2 - 37905053
JO - bioRxiv
JF - bioRxiv
SN - 2692-8205
ER -