Surface Characteristics of Esthetic Nickel⁻Titanium and Beta-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)-Primary Results
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Surface Characteristics of Esthetic Nickel⁻Titanium and Beta-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)-Primary Results. / Jung, Ole; Becker, Jean-Philippe; Smeets, Ralf; Gosau, Martin; Becker, Germain; Kahl-Nieke, Bärbel; Jung, Anne-Kathrin; Heiland, Max; Kopp, Alexander; Barbeck, Mike; Koehne, Till.
in: MATERIALS, Jahrgang 12, Nr. 9, 30.04.2019.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz › Forschung › Begutachtung
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Surface Characteristics of Esthetic Nickel⁻Titanium and Beta-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)-Primary Results
AU - Jung, Ole
AU - Becker, Jean-Philippe
AU - Smeets, Ralf
AU - Gosau, Martin
AU - Becker, Germain
AU - Kahl-Nieke, Bärbel
AU - Jung, Anne-Kathrin
AU - Heiland, Max
AU - Kopp, Alexander
AU - Barbeck, Mike
AU - Koehne, Till
PY - 2019/4/30
Y1 - 2019/4/30
N2 - BACKGROUND/AIM: There is continuing interest in engineering esthetic labial archwires. The aim of this study was to coat nickel-titanium (NiTi) and beta-titanium (β-Ti), also known as titanium molybdenum (TMA), archwires by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) and to analyze the characteristics of the PEO-surfaces.MATERIALS AND METHODS: PEO-coatings were generated on 0.014-inch NiTi and 0.19 × 0.25-inch β-Ti archwires. The surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and stereomicroscopy. Cytocompatibility testing was performed with ceramized and untreated samples according to EN ISO 10993-5 in XTT-, BrdU- and LDH-assays. The direct cell impact was analyzed using LIVE-/DEAD-staining. In addition, the archwires were inserted in an orthodontic model and photographs were taken before and after insertion.RESULTS: The PEO coatings were 15 to 20 µm thick with a whitish appearance. The cytocompatibility analysis revealed good cytocompatibility results for both ceramized NiTi and β-Ti archwires. In the direct cell tests, the ceramized samples showed improved compatibility as compared to those of uncoated samples. However, bending of the archwires resulted in loss of the PEO-surfaces. Nevertheless, it was possible to insert the β-Ti PEO-coated archwire in an orthodontic model without loss of the PEO-ceramic.CONCLUSION: PEO is a promising technique for the generation of esthetic orthodontic archwires. Since the PEO-coating does not resist bending, its clinical use seems to be limited so far to orthodontic techniques using straight or pre-bent archwires.
AB - BACKGROUND/AIM: There is continuing interest in engineering esthetic labial archwires. The aim of this study was to coat nickel-titanium (NiTi) and beta-titanium (β-Ti), also known as titanium molybdenum (TMA), archwires by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) and to analyze the characteristics of the PEO-surfaces.MATERIALS AND METHODS: PEO-coatings were generated on 0.014-inch NiTi and 0.19 × 0.25-inch β-Ti archwires. The surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and stereomicroscopy. Cytocompatibility testing was performed with ceramized and untreated samples according to EN ISO 10993-5 in XTT-, BrdU- and LDH-assays. The direct cell impact was analyzed using LIVE-/DEAD-staining. In addition, the archwires were inserted in an orthodontic model and photographs were taken before and after insertion.RESULTS: The PEO coatings were 15 to 20 µm thick with a whitish appearance. The cytocompatibility analysis revealed good cytocompatibility results for both ceramized NiTi and β-Ti archwires. In the direct cell tests, the ceramized samples showed improved compatibility as compared to those of uncoated samples. However, bending of the archwires resulted in loss of the PEO-surfaces. Nevertheless, it was possible to insert the β-Ti PEO-coated archwire in an orthodontic model without loss of the PEO-ceramic.CONCLUSION: PEO is a promising technique for the generation of esthetic orthodontic archwires. Since the PEO-coating does not resist bending, its clinical use seems to be limited so far to orthodontic techniques using straight or pre-bent archwires.
U2 - 10.3390/ma12091403
DO - 10.3390/ma12091403
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 31052150
VL - 12
JO - MATERIALS
JF - MATERIALS
SN - 1996-1944
IS - 9
ER -