Osteopontin-mediated myocardial fibrosis in heart failure: a role for lysyl oxidase?

TY - JOUR

T1 - Osteopontin-mediated myocardial fibrosis in heart failure: a role for lysyl oxidase?

AU - López, Begoña

AU - González, Arantxa

AU - Lindner, Diana

AU - Westermann, Dirk

AU - Ravassa, Susana

AU - Beaumont, Javier

AU - Gallego, Idoia

AU - Zudaire, Amaia

AU - Brugnolaro, Cristina

AU - Querejeta, Ramón

AU - Larman, Mariano

AU - Tschöpe, Carsten

AU - Díez, Javier

PY - 2013/7/1

Y1 - 2013/7/1

N2 - AIMS: We investigated whether the pro-fibrotic matricellular protein osteopontin (OPN) is associated with the enzymes involved in the extracellular synthesis of fibril-forming collagen type I (i.e. procollagen C-proteinase, PCP) and its cross-linking to form insoluble fibrils (i.e. lysyl oxidase, LOX) in heart failure (HF) of hypertensive origin.METHODS AND RESULTS: OPN, PCP, and LOX were assessed by histochemical and molecular methods in the myocardium of 21 patients with hypertensive heart disease (HHD) and HF. Whereas the myocardial expression of OPN was very scarce in control hearts (n = 10), it was highly expressed in HF patients (P < 0.0001). OPN was directly correlated with LOX (r = 0.460, P = 0.041), insoluble collagen (r = 0.534, P = 0.015), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (r = 0.558; P = 0.009), and left-ventricular (LV) chamber stiffness (r = 0.458, P = 0.037), and inversely correlated with LV ejection fraction (r = -0.513, P = 0.017) in all patients. OPN did not correlate with PCP and other parameters assessing collagen synthesis by fibroblasts or degradation by matrix metalloproteinases. In vitro studies showed that OPN significantly (P < 0.05) increases the expression and activity of LOX in human cardiac and dermal fibroblasts.CONCLUSION: An excess of OPN is associated with increased LOX and insoluble collagen, as well as with LV stiffness and systolic dysfunction in patients with HHD and HF. In addition, OPN up-regulates LOX in human fibroblasts. It is suggested that the OPN-LOX axis might facilitate the formation of insoluble collagen (i.e. stiff and resistant to degradation) and the subsequent alteration in LV mechanical properties and function in patients with HHD and HF.

AB - AIMS: We investigated whether the pro-fibrotic matricellular protein osteopontin (OPN) is associated with the enzymes involved in the extracellular synthesis of fibril-forming collagen type I (i.e. procollagen C-proteinase, PCP) and its cross-linking to form insoluble fibrils (i.e. lysyl oxidase, LOX) in heart failure (HF) of hypertensive origin.METHODS AND RESULTS: OPN, PCP, and LOX were assessed by histochemical and molecular methods in the myocardium of 21 patients with hypertensive heart disease (HHD) and HF. Whereas the myocardial expression of OPN was very scarce in control hearts (n = 10), it was highly expressed in HF patients (P < 0.0001). OPN was directly correlated with LOX (r = 0.460, P = 0.041), insoluble collagen (r = 0.534, P = 0.015), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (r = 0.558; P = 0.009), and left-ventricular (LV) chamber stiffness (r = 0.458, P = 0.037), and inversely correlated with LV ejection fraction (r = -0.513, P = 0.017) in all patients. OPN did not correlate with PCP and other parameters assessing collagen synthesis by fibroblasts or degradation by matrix metalloproteinases. In vitro studies showed that OPN significantly (P < 0.05) increases the expression and activity of LOX in human cardiac and dermal fibroblasts.CONCLUSION: An excess of OPN is associated with increased LOX and insoluble collagen, as well as with LV stiffness and systolic dysfunction in patients with HHD and HF. In addition, OPN up-regulates LOX in human fibroblasts. It is suggested that the OPN-LOX axis might facilitate the formation of insoluble collagen (i.e. stiff and resistant to degradation) and the subsequent alteration in LV mechanical properties and function in patients with HHD and HF.

KW - Aged

KW - Bone Morphogenetic Protein 1/metabolism

KW - Case-Control Studies

KW - Cells, Cultured

KW - Collagen/metabolism

KW - Elasticity

KW - Female

KW - Fibroblasts/enzymology

KW - Fibrosis

KW - Heart Failure/diagnosis

KW - Humans

KW - Hypertension/complications

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Myocardium/enzymology

KW - Osteopontin/metabolism

KW - Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase/metabolism

KW - Pulmonary Wedge Pressure

KW - Stroke Volume

KW - Ventricular Function, Left

U2 - 10.1093/cvr/cvt100

DO - 10.1093/cvr/cvt100

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 23619422

VL - 99

SP - 111

EP - 120

JO - CARDIOVASC RES

JF - CARDIOVASC RES

SN - 0008-6363

IS - 1

ER -