Ontogeny of Innate T Lymphocytes - Some Innate Lymphocytes are More Innate than Others
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Ontogeny of Innate T Lymphocytes - Some Innate Lymphocytes are More Innate than Others. / Vermijlen, David; Prinz, Immo.
in: FRONT IMMUNOL, Jahrgang 5, 10.10.2014, S. 486.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Review › Forschung
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T1 - Ontogeny of Innate T Lymphocytes - Some Innate Lymphocytes are More Innate than Others
AU - Vermijlen, David
AU - Prinz, Immo
PY - 2014/10/10
Y1 - 2014/10/10
N2 - Innate lymphocytes have recently received a lot of attention. However, there are different ideas about the definition of what is "innate" in lymphocytes. Lymphocytes without V(D)J-rearranged antigen receptors are now termed innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and include cells formerly known as natural killer (NK) cells. Also, lymphocytes that are innate should be able to recognize microbial or stress-induced patterns and react rapidly without prior sensitization, as opposed to adaptive immune responses. Formally, genuine innate lymphocytes would be present before or at birth. Here, we review the ontogeny of human and mouse innate T lymphocyte populations. We focus on γδ T cells, which are prototype lymphocytes that often use their V(D)J rearrangement machinery to generate genetically encoded predetermined recombinations of antigen receptors. We make parallels between the development of γδ T cells with that of innate αβ T cells [invariant (i)NKT and mucosa-associated invariant T cells] and compare this with the ontogeny of innate B cells and ILCs (including NK cells). We conclude that some subsets are more innate than others, i.e., innate lymphocytes that are made primarily early in utero during gestation while others are made after birth. In practice, a ranking of innateness by ontogeny has implications for the reconstitution of innate lymphocyte subsets after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
AB - Innate lymphocytes have recently received a lot of attention. However, there are different ideas about the definition of what is "innate" in lymphocytes. Lymphocytes without V(D)J-rearranged antigen receptors are now termed innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and include cells formerly known as natural killer (NK) cells. Also, lymphocytes that are innate should be able to recognize microbial or stress-induced patterns and react rapidly without prior sensitization, as opposed to adaptive immune responses. Formally, genuine innate lymphocytes would be present before or at birth. Here, we review the ontogeny of human and mouse innate T lymphocyte populations. We focus on γδ T cells, which are prototype lymphocytes that often use their V(D)J rearrangement machinery to generate genetically encoded predetermined recombinations of antigen receptors. We make parallels between the development of γδ T cells with that of innate αβ T cells [invariant (i)NKT and mucosa-associated invariant T cells] and compare this with the ontogeny of innate B cells and ILCs (including NK cells). We conclude that some subsets are more innate than others, i.e., innate lymphocytes that are made primarily early in utero during gestation while others are made after birth. In practice, a ranking of innateness by ontogeny has implications for the reconstitution of innate lymphocyte subsets after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
U2 - 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00486
DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00486
M3 - SCORING: Review article
C2 - 25346734
VL - 5
SP - 486
JO - FRONT IMMUNOL
JF - FRONT IMMUNOL
SN - 1664-3224
ER -