Impact of test environment on the fracture resistance of cortical bone
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Impact of test environment on the fracture resistance of cortical bone. / Shin, Mihee; Zhang, Min; Vom Scheidt, Annika; Pelletier, Matthew H; Walsh, William R; Martens, Penny J; Kruzic, Jamie J; Busse, Björn; Gludovatz, Bernd.
in: J MECH BEHAV BIOMED, Jahrgang 129, 05.2022, S. 105155.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz › Forschung › Begutachtung
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T1 - Impact of test environment on the fracture resistance of cortical bone
AU - Shin, Mihee
AU - Zhang, Min
AU - Vom Scheidt, Annika
AU - Pelletier, Matthew H
AU - Walsh, William R
AU - Martens, Penny J
AU - Kruzic, Jamie J
AU - Busse, Björn
AU - Gludovatz, Bernd
N1 - Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/5
Y1 - 2022/5
N2 - Water is a crucial component of bone, affecting the interplay of collagen and minerals and contributing to bone's high strength and ductility. Dehydration has been shown to significantly effect osseous mechanical properties; however, studies comparing the effects of various dehydrating environments on fracture toughness of bone are scarce. Accordingly, the crack resistance curve (R-curve) behavior of human and sheep cortical bone was characterized in a bio-bath, in ambient pressure air, and in scanning electron microscopes (SEMs) under three different environmental conditions (water vapor pressure, air pressure, and high-vacuum). The aim of this work was to better understand the impact of test environment on both intrinsic and extrinsic toughening and hence crack initiation toughness, K0 and crack growth resistance, dK/dΔa. Results show significantly lower K0 values for samples that were tested inside SEMs combined with pronounced extrinsic toughening through microcracking and crack path deflections out of the mode I plane. Importantly, all three SEM test environments gave similar results, and thus it does not matter which type of SEM is used. Ex situ testing of hydrated samples revealed similar K0 for both environments but elevated crack growth resistance for testing in ambient air relative to the bio-bath. Our data reveals the experimental difficulties to directly observe microscale crack propagation in cortical bone that resembles the in vivo situation. Ex situ testing immersed in Hanks' Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) with subsequent crack path analysis, while tedious, is thought to presents the most realistic picture of the in vivo structure-fracture property relations in biological tissue.
AB - Water is a crucial component of bone, affecting the interplay of collagen and minerals and contributing to bone's high strength and ductility. Dehydration has been shown to significantly effect osseous mechanical properties; however, studies comparing the effects of various dehydrating environments on fracture toughness of bone are scarce. Accordingly, the crack resistance curve (R-curve) behavior of human and sheep cortical bone was characterized in a bio-bath, in ambient pressure air, and in scanning electron microscopes (SEMs) under three different environmental conditions (water vapor pressure, air pressure, and high-vacuum). The aim of this work was to better understand the impact of test environment on both intrinsic and extrinsic toughening and hence crack initiation toughness, K0 and crack growth resistance, dK/dΔa. Results show significantly lower K0 values for samples that were tested inside SEMs combined with pronounced extrinsic toughening through microcracking and crack path deflections out of the mode I plane. Importantly, all three SEM test environments gave similar results, and thus it does not matter which type of SEM is used. Ex situ testing of hydrated samples revealed similar K0 for both environments but elevated crack growth resistance for testing in ambient air relative to the bio-bath. Our data reveals the experimental difficulties to directly observe microscale crack propagation in cortical bone that resembles the in vivo situation. Ex situ testing immersed in Hanks' Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) with subsequent crack path analysis, while tedious, is thought to presents the most realistic picture of the in vivo structure-fracture property relations in biological tissue.
U2 - 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105155
DO - 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105155
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 35313188
VL - 129
SP - 105155
JO - J MECH BEHAV BIOMED
JF - J MECH BEHAV BIOMED
SN - 1751-6161
ER -