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Hamstring injury patterns in professional male football (soccer): a systematic video analysis of 52 cases

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Hamstring injury patterns in professional male football (soccer): a systematic video analysis of 52 cases. / Gronwald, Thomas; Klein, Christian; Hoenig, Tim; Pietzonka, Micha; Bloch, Hendrik; Edouard, Pascal; Hollander, Karsten.

in: BRIT J SPORT MED, Jahrgang 56, Nr. 3, 02.2022, S. 165-171.

Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz › Forschung › Begutachtung

Harvard

Gronwald, T, Klein, C, Hoenig, T, Pietzonka, M, Bloch, H, Edouard, P & Hollander, K 2022, 'Hamstring injury patterns in professional male football (soccer): a systematic video analysis of 52 cases', BRIT J SPORT MED, Jg. 56, Nr. 3, S. 165-171. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-104769

APA

Gronwald, T., Klein, C., Hoenig, T., Pietzonka, M., Bloch, H., Edouard, P., & Hollander, K. (2022). Hamstring injury patterns in professional male football (soccer): a systematic video analysis of 52 cases. BRIT J SPORT MED, 56(3), 165-171. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-104769

Vancouver

Gronwald T, Klein C, Hoenig T, Pietzonka M, Bloch H, Edouard P et al. Hamstring injury patterns in professional male football (soccer): a systematic video analysis of 52 cases. BRIT J SPORT MED. 2022 Feb;56(3):165-171. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-104769

Bibtex

@article{28060fe1d9444ed78cffe024cda28be6,
title = "Hamstring injury patterns in professional male football (soccer): a systematic video analysis of 52 cases",
abstract = "OBJECTIVE: To closely describe the injury inciting events of acute hamstring injuries in professional male football (soccer) using systematic video analysis.METHODS: Video footage from four seasons (2014-2019) of the two highest divisions in German male football was searched for moderate and severe (ie, time loss of >7 days) acute non-contact and indirect contact match hamstring injuries. Two raters independently categorised inciting events using a standardised procedure to determine specific injury patterns and kinematics.RESULTS: 52 cases of hamstring injuries were included for specific pattern analysis. The pattern analysis revealed 25 sprint-related (48%) and 27 stretch-related hamstring injuries (52%). All sprint-related hamstring injuries occured during linear acceleration or high-speed running. Stretch-related hamstring injuries were connected with closed chain movements like braking or stopping with a lunging or landing action and open chain movements like kicking. The kinematic analysis of stretch-related injuries revealed a change of movement involving knee flexion to knee extension and a knee angle of <45° at the assumed injury frame in all open and closed chain movements. Biceps femoris was the most affected muscle (79%) of all included cases.CONCLUSION: Despite the variety of inciting events, rapid movements with high eccentric demands of the posterior thigh are likely the main hamstring injury mechanism. This study provides important data about how hamstring injuries occur in professional male football and supports the need for demand-specific multicomponent risk reduction programmes.",
keywords = "Athletic Injuries/etiology, Football, Hamstring Muscles/injuries, Humans, Leg Injuries, Male, Running, Soccer",
author = "Thomas Gronwald and Christian Klein and Tim Hoenig and Micha Pietzonka and Hendrik Bloch and Pascal Edouard and Karsten Hollander",
note = "{\textcopyright} Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.",
year = "2022",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1136/bjsports-2021-104769",
language = "English",
volume = "56",
pages = "165--171",
journal = "BRIT J SPORT MED",
issn = "0306-3674",
publisher = "BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP",
number = "3",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Hamstring injury patterns in professional male football (soccer): a systematic video analysis of 52 cases

AU - Gronwald, Thomas

AU - Klein, Christian

AU - Hoenig, Tim

AU - Pietzonka, Micha

AU - Bloch, Hendrik

AU - Edouard, Pascal

AU - Hollander, Karsten

N1 - © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

PY - 2022/2

Y1 - 2022/2

N2 - OBJECTIVE: To closely describe the injury inciting events of acute hamstring injuries in professional male football (soccer) using systematic video analysis.METHODS: Video footage from four seasons (2014-2019) of the two highest divisions in German male football was searched for moderate and severe (ie, time loss of >7 days) acute non-contact and indirect contact match hamstring injuries. Two raters independently categorised inciting events using a standardised procedure to determine specific injury patterns and kinematics.RESULTS: 52 cases of hamstring injuries were included for specific pattern analysis. The pattern analysis revealed 25 sprint-related (48%) and 27 stretch-related hamstring injuries (52%). All sprint-related hamstring injuries occured during linear acceleration or high-speed running. Stretch-related hamstring injuries were connected with closed chain movements like braking or stopping with a lunging or landing action and open chain movements like kicking. The kinematic analysis of stretch-related injuries revealed a change of movement involving knee flexion to knee extension and a knee angle of <45° at the assumed injury frame in all open and closed chain movements. Biceps femoris was the most affected muscle (79%) of all included cases.CONCLUSION: Despite the variety of inciting events, rapid movements with high eccentric demands of the posterior thigh are likely the main hamstring injury mechanism. This study provides important data about how hamstring injuries occur in professional male football and supports the need for demand-specific multicomponent risk reduction programmes.

AB - OBJECTIVE: To closely describe the injury inciting events of acute hamstring injuries in professional male football (soccer) using systematic video analysis.METHODS: Video footage from four seasons (2014-2019) of the two highest divisions in German male football was searched for moderate and severe (ie, time loss of >7 days) acute non-contact and indirect contact match hamstring injuries. Two raters independently categorised inciting events using a standardised procedure to determine specific injury patterns and kinematics.RESULTS: 52 cases of hamstring injuries were included for specific pattern analysis. The pattern analysis revealed 25 sprint-related (48%) and 27 stretch-related hamstring injuries (52%). All sprint-related hamstring injuries occured during linear acceleration or high-speed running. Stretch-related hamstring injuries were connected with closed chain movements like braking or stopping with a lunging or landing action and open chain movements like kicking. The kinematic analysis of stretch-related injuries revealed a change of movement involving knee flexion to knee extension and a knee angle of <45° at the assumed injury frame in all open and closed chain movements. Biceps femoris was the most affected muscle (79%) of all included cases.CONCLUSION: Despite the variety of inciting events, rapid movements with high eccentric demands of the posterior thigh are likely the main hamstring injury mechanism. This study provides important data about how hamstring injuries occur in professional male football and supports the need for demand-specific multicomponent risk reduction programmes.

KW - Athletic Injuries/etiology

KW - Football

KW - Hamstring Muscles/injuries

KW - Humans

KW - Leg Injuries

KW - Male

KW - Running

KW - Soccer

U2 - 10.1136/bjsports-2021-104769

DO - 10.1136/bjsports-2021-104769

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 34876406

VL - 56

SP - 165

EP - 171

JO - BRIT J SPORT MED

JF - BRIT J SPORT MED

SN - 0306-3674

IS - 3

ER -