gamma-H2AX as protein biomarker for radiation exposure
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gamma-H2AX as protein biomarker for radiation exposure. / Rothkamm, Kai; Horn, Simon.
in: ANN I SUPER SANITA, Jahrgang 45, Nr. 3, 2009, S. 265-71.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Review › Forschung
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TY - JOUR
T1 - gamma-H2AX as protein biomarker for radiation exposure
AU - Rothkamm, Kai
AU - Horn, Simon
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - For large scale exposures of the human population to ionising radiation, there is a need for cost-effective high throughput assessment of radiation exposure levels from biological samples to allow triage decisions to be made. Here we discuss the usefulness of the DNA damage marker gamma-H2AX for this purpose. Foci of gamma-H2AX form in response to radiation-induced DNA doublestrand breaks and can be quantified by immunofluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry. Several studies have analysed this marker in patients' blood samples to determine radiation exposures during various diagnostic or therapeutic radiation treatments. Such planned exposures involve only a moderate number of samples which can be obtained at a prearranged time following exposure. In contrast, application of this method as a triage tool in large scale radiological emergencies demands high throughput sample processing and analysis. The rapid kinetics of gamma-H2AX induction and loss presents a major challenge to its successful application as a triage tool. These and other as yet unresolved questions are discussed.
AB - For large scale exposures of the human population to ionising radiation, there is a need for cost-effective high throughput assessment of radiation exposure levels from biological samples to allow triage decisions to be made. Here we discuss the usefulness of the DNA damage marker gamma-H2AX for this purpose. Foci of gamma-H2AX form in response to radiation-induced DNA doublestrand breaks and can be quantified by immunofluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry. Several studies have analysed this marker in patients' blood samples to determine radiation exposures during various diagnostic or therapeutic radiation treatments. Such planned exposures involve only a moderate number of samples which can be obtained at a prearranged time following exposure. In contrast, application of this method as a triage tool in large scale radiological emergencies demands high throughput sample processing and analysis. The rapid kinetics of gamma-H2AX induction and loss presents a major challenge to its successful application as a triage tool. These and other as yet unresolved questions are discussed.
KW - Biomarkers
KW - DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded/radiation effects
KW - Flow Cytometry
KW - Histones/blood
KW - Humans
KW - Microscopy, Fluorescence
KW - Phosphorylation
KW - Radiation Injuries/blood
M3 - SCORING: Review article
C2 - 19861731
VL - 45
SP - 265
EP - 271
JO - ANN I SUPER SANITA
JF - ANN I SUPER SANITA
SN - 0021-2571
IS - 3
ER -