Cytokeratin 10 (CK10) expression in cancer: A tissue microarray study on 11,021 tumors

TY - JOUR

T1 - Cytokeratin 10 (CK10) expression in cancer: A tissue microarray study on 11,021 tumors

AU - Uhlig, Ria

AU - Abboud, Moussa

AU - Gorbokon, Natalia

AU - Lennartz, Maximilian

AU - Dwertmann Rico, Sebastian

AU - Kind, Simon

AU - Reiswich, Viktor

AU - Viehweger, Florian

AU - Kluth, Martina

AU - Hube-Magg, Claudia

AU - Bernreuther, Christian

AU - Büscheck, Franziska

AU - Clauditz, Till S

AU - Fraune, Christoph

AU - Hinsch, Andrea

AU - Jacobsen, Frank

AU - Krech, Till

AU - Lebok, Patrick

AU - Steurer, Stefan

AU - Burandt, Eike

AU - Minner, Sarah

AU - Marx, Andreas

AU - Simon, Ronald

AU - Sauter, Guido

AU - Menz, Anne

N1 - Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PY - 2022/10

Y1 - 2022/10

N2 - Cytokeratin 10 (CK10) is a type I acidic low molecular weight cytokeratin which is mainly expressed in keratinizing squamous epithelium of the skin. Variable levels of CK10 protein have been described in squamous carcinomas of different sites and in some other epithelial neoplasms. To comprehensively determine the prevalence of CK10 expression in normal and neoplastic tissues, a tissue microarray containing 11,021 samples from 131 different tumor types and subtypes was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. CK10 immunostaining was detectable in 41 (31.3 %) of 131 tumor categories, including 18 (13.7 %) tumor types with at least one strongly positive case. The highest rate of positive staining was found in squamous cell carcinomas from various sites of origin (positive in 18.6 %-66.1 %) and in Warthin tumors of salivary glands (47.8 %), followed by various tumor entities known to potentially exhibit areas with squamous cell differentiation such as teratomas (33.3 %), basal cell carcinomas of the skin (14.3 %), adenosquamous carcinomas of the cervix (11.1 %), and several categories of urothelial neoplasms (3.1 %-16.8 %). In a combined analysis of 956 squamous cell carcinomas from 11 different sites of origin, reduced CK10 staining was linked to high grade (p < 0.0001) and advanced stage (p = 0.0015) but unrelated to HPV infection. However, CK10 staining was not statistically related to grade (p = 0.1509) and recurrence-free (p = 0.5247) or overall survival (p = 0.5082) in 176 cervical squamous cell carcinomas. In the urinary bladder, CK10 staining occurred more commonly in muscle-invasive (17.7 %) than in non-invasive urothelial carcinomas (4.0 %-6.0 %; p < 0.0001). In summary, our data corroborate a role of CK10 as a suitable marker for mature, keratinizing squamous cell differentiation in epithelial tissues. CK10 immunohistochemistry may thus be instrumental for a more objective evaluation of the clinical significance of focal squamous differentiation in cancer.

AB - Cytokeratin 10 (CK10) is a type I acidic low molecular weight cytokeratin which is mainly expressed in keratinizing squamous epithelium of the skin. Variable levels of CK10 protein have been described in squamous carcinomas of different sites and in some other epithelial neoplasms. To comprehensively determine the prevalence of CK10 expression in normal and neoplastic tissues, a tissue microarray containing 11,021 samples from 131 different tumor types and subtypes was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. CK10 immunostaining was detectable in 41 (31.3 %) of 131 tumor categories, including 18 (13.7 %) tumor types with at least one strongly positive case. The highest rate of positive staining was found in squamous cell carcinomas from various sites of origin (positive in 18.6 %-66.1 %) and in Warthin tumors of salivary glands (47.8 %), followed by various tumor entities known to potentially exhibit areas with squamous cell differentiation such as teratomas (33.3 %), basal cell carcinomas of the skin (14.3 %), adenosquamous carcinomas of the cervix (11.1 %), and several categories of urothelial neoplasms (3.1 %-16.8 %). In a combined analysis of 956 squamous cell carcinomas from 11 different sites of origin, reduced CK10 staining was linked to high grade (p < 0.0001) and advanced stage (p = 0.0015) but unrelated to HPV infection. However, CK10 staining was not statistically related to grade (p = 0.1509) and recurrence-free (p = 0.5247) or overall survival (p = 0.5082) in 176 cervical squamous cell carcinomas. In the urinary bladder, CK10 staining occurred more commonly in muscle-invasive (17.7 %) than in non-invasive urothelial carcinomas (4.0 %-6.0 %; p < 0.0001). In summary, our data corroborate a role of CK10 as a suitable marker for mature, keratinizing squamous cell differentiation in epithelial tissues. CK10 immunohistochemistry may thus be instrumental for a more objective evaluation of the clinical significance of focal squamous differentiation in cancer.

KW - Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis

KW - Carcinoma, Adenosquamous

KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis

KW - Female

KW - Humans

KW - Immunohistochemistry

KW - Keratins/analysis

KW - Urothelium

U2 - 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2022.152029

DO - 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2022.152029

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 36029589

VL - 60

JO - ANN DIAGN PATHOL

JF - ANN DIAGN PATHOL

SN - 1092-9134

M1 - 152029

ER -