Why animal experiments are still indispensable in bone research: A statement by the European Calcified Tissue Society
Standard
Why animal experiments are still indispensable in bone research: A statement by the European Calcified Tissue Society. / Stein, Merle; Elefteriou, Florent; Busse, Björn; Fiedler, Imke A K; Kwon, Ronald Young; Farell, Eric; Ahmad, Mubashir; Ignatius, Anita; Grover, Liam; Geris, Liesbet; Tuckermann, Jan.
In: J BONE MINER RES, Vol. 38, No. 8, 08.2023, p. 1045-1061.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Review article › Research
Harvard
APA
Vancouver
Bibtex
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
T1 - Why animal experiments are still indispensable in bone research: A statement by the European Calcified Tissue Society
AU - Stein, Merle
AU - Elefteriou, Florent
AU - Busse, Björn
AU - Fiedler, Imke A K
AU - Kwon, Ronald Young
AU - Farell, Eric
AU - Ahmad, Mubashir
AU - Ignatius, Anita
AU - Grover, Liam
AU - Geris, Liesbet
AU - Tuckermann, Jan
PY - 2023/8
Y1 - 2023/8
N2 - Major achievements in bone research have always relied on animal models and in vitro systems derived from patient and animal material. However, the use of animals in research has drawn intense ethical debate and the complete abolition of animal experimentation is demanded by fractions of the population. This phenomenon is enhanced by the reproducibility crisis in science and the advance of in vitro and in silico techniques. 3D culture, organ-on-a-chip, and computer models have improved enormously over the last few years. Nevertheless, the overall complexity of bone tissue cross-talk and the systemic and local regulation of bone physiology can often only be addressed in entire vertebrates. Powerful genetic methods such as conditional mutagenesis, lineage tracing, and modeling of the diseases enhanced the understanding of the entire skeletal system. In this review endorsed by the European Calcified Tissue Society (ECTS), a working group of investigators from Europe and the US provides an overview of the strengths and limitations of experimental animal models, including rodents, fish, and large animals, as well the potential and shortcomings of in vitro and in silico technologies in skeletal research. We propose that the proper combination of the right animal model for a specific hypothesis and state-of-the-art in vitro and/or in silico technology is essential to solving remaining important questions in bone research. This is crucial for executing most efficiently the 3R principles to reduce, refine, and replace animal experimentation, for enhancing our knowledge of skeletal biology, and for the treatment of bone diseases that affect a large part of society. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
AB - Major achievements in bone research have always relied on animal models and in vitro systems derived from patient and animal material. However, the use of animals in research has drawn intense ethical debate and the complete abolition of animal experimentation is demanded by fractions of the population. This phenomenon is enhanced by the reproducibility crisis in science and the advance of in vitro and in silico techniques. 3D culture, organ-on-a-chip, and computer models have improved enormously over the last few years. Nevertheless, the overall complexity of bone tissue cross-talk and the systemic and local regulation of bone physiology can often only be addressed in entire vertebrates. Powerful genetic methods such as conditional mutagenesis, lineage tracing, and modeling of the diseases enhanced the understanding of the entire skeletal system. In this review endorsed by the European Calcified Tissue Society (ECTS), a working group of investigators from Europe and the US provides an overview of the strengths and limitations of experimental animal models, including rodents, fish, and large animals, as well the potential and shortcomings of in vitro and in silico technologies in skeletal research. We propose that the proper combination of the right animal model for a specific hypothesis and state-of-the-art in vitro and/or in silico technology is essential to solving remaining important questions in bone research. This is crucial for executing most efficiently the 3R principles to reduce, refine, and replace animal experimentation, for enhancing our knowledge of skeletal biology, and for the treatment of bone diseases that affect a large part of society. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
U2 - 10.1002/jbmr.4868
DO - 10.1002/jbmr.4868
M3 - SCORING: Review article
C2 - 37314012
VL - 38
SP - 1045
EP - 1061
JO - J BONE MINER RES
JF - J BONE MINER RES
SN - 0884-0431
IS - 8
ER -