Urinary alpha1-antichymotrypsin: a biomarker of prion infection.

  • Gino Miele
  • Harald Seeger
  • Denis Marino
  • Ralf Eberhard
  • Mathias Heikenwalder
  • Katharina Stoeck
  • Max Basagni
  • Richard Knight
  • Alison Green
  • Francesca Chianini
  • Rudolf P Wüthrich
  • Christoph Hock
  • Inga Zerr
  • Adriano Aguzzi

Related Research units

Abstract

The occurrence of blood-borne prion transmission incidents calls for identification of potential prion carriers. However, current methods for intravital diagnosis of prion disease rely on invasive tissue biopsies and are unsuitable for large-scale screening. Sensitive biomarkers may help meeting this need. Here we scanned the genome for transcripts elevated upon prion infection and encoding secreted proteins. We found that alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin (alpha(1)-ACT) was highly upregulated in brains of scrapie-infected mice. Furthermore, alpha(1)-ACT levels were dramatically increased in urine of patients suffering from sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and increased progressively throughout the disease. Increased alpha(1)-ACT excretion was also found in cases of natural prion disease of animals. Therefore measurement of urinary alpha(1)-ACT levels may be useful for monitoring the efficacy of therapeutic regimens for prion disease, and possibly also for deferring blood and organ donors that may be at risk of transmitting prion infections.

Bibliographical data

Original languageGerman
Article number12
ISSN1932-6203
Publication statusPublished - 2008
pubmed 19057641