The saccadic spike artifact in MEG.
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The saccadic spike artifact in MEG. / Carl, Christine; Açık, Alper; König, Peter; Engel, Andreas K.; Hipp, Jörg.
In: NEUROIMAGE, Vol. 59, No. 2, 2, 2012, p. 1657-1667.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The saccadic spike artifact in MEG.
AU - Carl, Christine
AU - Açık, Alper
AU - König, Peter
AU - Engel, Andreas K.
AU - Hipp, Jörg
PY - 2012
Y1 - 2012
N2 - Electro- and magnetoencephalography (EEG/MEG) are the means to investigate the dynamics of neuronal activity non-invasively in the human brain. However, both EEG and MEG are also sensitive to non-neural sources, which can severely complicate the interpretation. The saccadic spike potential (SP) at saccade onset has been identified as a particularly problematic artifact in EEG because it closely resembles synchronous neuronal gamma band activity. While the SP and its confounding effects on EEG have been thoroughly characterized, the corresponding artifact in MEG, the saccadic spike field (SF), has not been investigated. Here we provide a detailed characterization of the SF. We simultaneously recorded MEG, EEG, gaze position and electrooculogram (EOG). We compared the SF in MEG for different saccade sizes and directions and contrasted it with the well-known SP in EEG. Our results reveal a saccade amplitude and direction dependent, lateralized saccadic spike artifact, which was most prominent in the gamma frequency range. The SF was strongest at frontal and temporal sensors but unlike the SP in EEG did not contaminate parietal sensors. Furthermore, we observed that the source configurations of the SF were comparable for regular and miniature saccades. Using distributed source analysis we identified the sources of the SF in the extraocular muscles. In summary, our results show that the SF in MEG closely resembles neuronal activity in frontal and temporal sensors. Our detailed characterization of the SF constitutes a solid basis for assessing possible saccadic spike related contamination in MEG experiments.
AB - Electro- and magnetoencephalography (EEG/MEG) are the means to investigate the dynamics of neuronal activity non-invasively in the human brain. However, both EEG and MEG are also sensitive to non-neural sources, which can severely complicate the interpretation. The saccadic spike potential (SP) at saccade onset has been identified as a particularly problematic artifact in EEG because it closely resembles synchronous neuronal gamma band activity. While the SP and its confounding effects on EEG have been thoroughly characterized, the corresponding artifact in MEG, the saccadic spike field (SF), has not been investigated. Here we provide a detailed characterization of the SF. We simultaneously recorded MEG, EEG, gaze position and electrooculogram (EOG). We compared the SF in MEG for different saccade sizes and directions and contrasted it with the well-known SP in EEG. Our results reveal a saccade amplitude and direction dependent, lateralized saccadic spike artifact, which was most prominent in the gamma frequency range. The SF was strongest at frontal and temporal sensors but unlike the SP in EEG did not contaminate parietal sensors. Furthermore, we observed that the source configurations of the SF were comparable for regular and miniature saccades. Using distributed source analysis we identified the sources of the SF in the extraocular muscles. In summary, our results show that the SF in MEG closely resembles neuronal activity in frontal and temporal sensors. Our detailed characterization of the SF constitutes a solid basis for assessing possible saccadic spike related contamination in MEG experiments.
KW - Adult
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Female
KW - Action Potentials/physiology
KW - Artifacts
KW - Electroencephalography/methods
KW - Cerebral Cortex/physiology
KW - Magnetoencephalography/methods
KW - Saccades/physiology
KW - Adult
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Female
KW - Action Potentials/physiology
KW - Artifacts
KW - Electroencephalography/methods
KW - Cerebral Cortex/physiology
KW - Magnetoencephalography/methods
KW - Saccades/physiology
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
VL - 59
SP - 1657
EP - 1667
JO - NEUROIMAGE
JF - NEUROIMAGE
SN - 1053-8119
IS - 2
M1 - 2
ER -