The contemporary role of chemotherapy for advanced testis cancer: a systematic review of the literature.
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The contemporary role of chemotherapy for advanced testis cancer: a systematic review of the literature. / Calabrò, Fabio; Albers, Peter; Bokemeyer, Carsten; Martin, Chris; Einhorn, Lawrence H; Horwich, Alan; Krege, Susanne; Schmoll, Hans Joachim; Sternberg, Cora N; Daugaard, Gedske.
In: EUR UROL, Vol. 61, No. 6, 6, 01.06.2012, p. 1212-1221.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The contemporary role of chemotherapy for advanced testis cancer: a systematic review of the literature.
AU - Calabrò, Fabio
AU - Albers, Peter
AU - Bokemeyer, Carsten
AU - Martin, Chris
AU - Einhorn, Lawrence H
AU - Horwich, Alan
AU - Krege, Susanne
AU - Schmoll, Hans Joachim
AU - Sternberg, Cora N
AU - Daugaard, Gedske
N1 - Copyright © 2012 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2012/6/1
Y1 - 2012/6/1
N2 - CONTEXT: Germ cell tumours (GCTs) of the testis are the most common cancer in young men; they are also one of the most curable cancers. Standard treatment of metastatic GCTs has evolved on the basis of randomised trials and prognostic factors.OBJECTIVE: This review summarises the evolving role of chemotherapy in the treatment of previously treated and untreated patients with metastatic GCTs and outlines the current standard treatment.EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Randomised and nonrandomised trials of first-line, salvage, and palliative therapy were reviewed.EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Three cycles of standard bleomycin, etoposide, and platinum (BEP) can be considered the gold-standard treatment in good-risk patients, and four cycles of the same combination can result in cure in approximately 80% of intermediate-risk and 50% of poor-risk patients. The routine use of high-dose chemotherapy in patients with intermediate- or poor-prognosis GCT has not improved treatment outcome, but the role of tumour marker decline during the first cycles may provide useful prognostic information. Prognostic variables in patients who experience treatment failure after cisplatin-based chemotherapy can be used to guide salvage strategies, and many new drugs or combinations have shown activity in this setting. Patients and physicians should be aware of the risk of short- and long-term toxicity of treatments, and guidelines for screening and prevention of this risk should be established.CONCLUSIONS: A risk-based strategy offers the best chance of cure, even in patients with refractory GCT.
AB - CONTEXT: Germ cell tumours (GCTs) of the testis are the most common cancer in young men; they are also one of the most curable cancers. Standard treatment of metastatic GCTs has evolved on the basis of randomised trials and prognostic factors.OBJECTIVE: This review summarises the evolving role of chemotherapy in the treatment of previously treated and untreated patients with metastatic GCTs and outlines the current standard treatment.EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Randomised and nonrandomised trials of first-line, salvage, and palliative therapy were reviewed.EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Three cycles of standard bleomycin, etoposide, and platinum (BEP) can be considered the gold-standard treatment in good-risk patients, and four cycles of the same combination can result in cure in approximately 80% of intermediate-risk and 50% of poor-risk patients. The routine use of high-dose chemotherapy in patients with intermediate- or poor-prognosis GCT has not improved treatment outcome, but the role of tumour marker decline during the first cycles may provide useful prognostic information. Prognostic variables in patients who experience treatment failure after cisplatin-based chemotherapy can be used to guide salvage strategies, and many new drugs or combinations have shown activity in this setting. Patients and physicians should be aware of the risk of short- and long-term toxicity of treatments, and guidelines for screening and prevention of this risk should be established.CONCLUSIONS: A risk-based strategy offers the best chance of cure, even in patients with refractory GCT.
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Risk Factors
KW - Risk Assessment
KW - Time Factors
KW - Disease-Free Survival
KW - Patient Selection
KW - Evidence-Based Medicine
KW - Treatment Failure
KW - Neoplasm Invasiveness
KW - Salvage Therapy
KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects/therapeutic use
KW - Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/drug therapy/mortality/secondary
KW - Palliative Care
KW - Testicular Neoplasms/drug therapy/mortality/pathology
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Risk Factors
KW - Risk Assessment
KW - Time Factors
KW - Disease-Free Survival
KW - Patient Selection
KW - Evidence-Based Medicine
KW - Treatment Failure
KW - Neoplasm Invasiveness
KW - Salvage Therapy
KW - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects/therapeutic use
KW - Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/drug therapy/mortality/secondary
KW - Palliative Care
KW - Testicular Neoplasms/drug therapy/mortality/pathology
U2 - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.03.038
DO - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.03.038
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 22464311
VL - 61
SP - 1212
EP - 1221
JO - EUR UROL
JF - EUR UROL
SN - 0302-2838
IS - 6
M1 - 6
ER -
