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Temporal stability and specificity of high bipolar electrogram entropy regions in sustained atrial fibrillation: Implications for mapping

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Temporal stability and specificity of high bipolar electrogram entropy regions in sustained atrial fibrillation: Implications for mapping. / Dharmaprani, Dhani; McGavigan, Andrew D; Chapman, Darius; Kutlieh, Rayed; Thanigaimani, Shivshankar; Dykes, Lukah; Kalman, Jonathan; Sanders, Prashanthan; Pope, Kenneth; Kuklik, Pawel; Ganesan, Anand N.

In: J ELECTROCARDIOL, Vol. 53, 24.12.2018, p. 18-27.

Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review

Harvard

Dharmaprani, D, McGavigan, AD, Chapman, D, Kutlieh, R, Thanigaimani, S, Dykes, L, Kalman, J, Sanders, P, Pope, K, Kuklik, P & Ganesan, AN 2018, 'Temporal stability and specificity of high bipolar electrogram entropy regions in sustained atrial fibrillation: Implications for mapping', J ELECTROCARDIOL, vol. 53, pp. 18-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2018.11.014

APA

Dharmaprani, D., McGavigan, A. D., Chapman, D., Kutlieh, R., Thanigaimani, S., Dykes, L., Kalman, J., Sanders, P., Pope, K., Kuklik, P., & Ganesan, A. N. (2018). Temporal stability and specificity of high bipolar electrogram entropy regions in sustained atrial fibrillation: Implications for mapping. J ELECTROCARDIOL, 53, 18-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2018.11.014

Vancouver

Dharmaprani D, McGavigan AD, Chapman D, Kutlieh R, Thanigaimani S, Dykes L et al. Temporal stability and specificity of high bipolar electrogram entropy regions in sustained atrial fibrillation: Implications for mapping. J ELECTROCARDIOL. 2018 Dec 24;53:18-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2018.11.014

Bibtex

@article{003faf495b684424be9ba9e19458d917,
title = "Temporal stability and specificity of high bipolar electrogram entropy regions in sustained atrial fibrillation: Implications for mapping",
abstract = "BACKGROUND: The potential utility of entropy (En) for atrial fibrillation (AF) mapping has been demonstrated in previous studies by multiple groups, where an association between high bipolar electrogram (EGM) entropy and the pivot of rotors has been shown. Though En is potentially attractive new approach to ablation, no studies have examined its temporal stability and specificity, which are critical to the application of entropy to clinical ablation. In the current study, we sought to objectively measure the temporal stability and specificity of bipolar EGM entropy in medium to long term recordings using three studies: i) a human basket catheter AF study, ii) a tachypaced sheep AF study and iii) a computer simulation study.OBJECTIVE: To characterize the temporal dynamics and specificity of Approximate, Sample and Shannon entropy (ApEn/SampEn/ShEn) in human (H), sheep (S), and computer simulated AF.METHODS: 64-electrode basket bi-atria sustained AF recordings (H:15 min; S:40 min) were separated into 5 s segments. ShEn/ApEn/SampEn were computed, and co-registered with NavX 3D maps. Temporal stability was determined in terms of: (i) global pattern stability of En and (ii) the relative stability the top 10% of En regions. To provide mechanistic insights into underlying mechanisms, stability characteristics were compared to models depicting various propagation patterns. To verify these results, cross-validation was performed across multiple En algorithms, across species, and compared with dominant frequency (DF) temporal characteristics. The specificity of En was also determined by looking at the association of En to rotors and areas of wave cross propagation.RESULTS: Episodes of AF were analysed (H:26 epochs, 6040 s; S:15 epochs, 14,160 s). The global pattern of En was temporally unstable (CV- H:13.42% ± 4.58%; S:14.13% ± 8.13%; Friedman- H: p > 0.001; S: p > 0.001). However, within this dynamic flux, the top 10% of ApEn/SampEn/ShEn regions were relatively temporally stable (Kappa >0.6) whilst the top 10% of DF regions were unstable (Kappa <0.06). In simulated AF scenarios, the experimental data were optimally reproduced in the context of an AF pattern with stable rotating waves surrounded by wavelet breakup (Kappa: 0.610; p < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: En shows global temporal instability, however within this dynamic flux, the top 10% regions exhibited relative temporal stability. This suggests that high En regions may be an appealing ablation target. Despite this, high En was associated with not just the pivot of rotors but also with areas of cross propagation, which suggests the need for future work before clinical application is possible.",
keywords = "Algorithms, Animals, Atrial Fibrillation/physiopathology, Computer Simulation, Electrocardiography, Entropy, Heart Atria/physiopathology, Heart Conduction System/physiopathology, Humans, Models, Cardiovascular, Sensitivity and Specificity, Sheep, Domestic, Time Factors",
author = "Dhani Dharmaprani and McGavigan, {Andrew D} and Darius Chapman and Rayed Kutlieh and Shivshankar Thanigaimani and Lukah Dykes and Jonathan Kalman and Prashanthan Sanders and Kenneth Pope and Pawel Kuklik and Ganesan, {Anand N}",
note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.",
year = "2018",
month = dec,
day = "24",
doi = "10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2018.11.014",
language = "English",
volume = "53",
pages = "18--27",
journal = "J ELECTROCARDIOL",
issn = "0022-0736",
publisher = "Churchill Livingstone",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Temporal stability and specificity of high bipolar electrogram entropy regions in sustained atrial fibrillation: Implications for mapping

AU - Dharmaprani, Dhani

AU - McGavigan, Andrew D

AU - Chapman, Darius

AU - Kutlieh, Rayed

AU - Thanigaimani, Shivshankar

AU - Dykes, Lukah

AU - Kalman, Jonathan

AU - Sanders, Prashanthan

AU - Pope, Kenneth

AU - Kuklik, Pawel

AU - Ganesan, Anand N

N1 - Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PY - 2018/12/24

Y1 - 2018/12/24

N2 - BACKGROUND: The potential utility of entropy (En) for atrial fibrillation (AF) mapping has been demonstrated in previous studies by multiple groups, where an association between high bipolar electrogram (EGM) entropy and the pivot of rotors has been shown. Though En is potentially attractive new approach to ablation, no studies have examined its temporal stability and specificity, which are critical to the application of entropy to clinical ablation. In the current study, we sought to objectively measure the temporal stability and specificity of bipolar EGM entropy in medium to long term recordings using three studies: i) a human basket catheter AF study, ii) a tachypaced sheep AF study and iii) a computer simulation study.OBJECTIVE: To characterize the temporal dynamics and specificity of Approximate, Sample and Shannon entropy (ApEn/SampEn/ShEn) in human (H), sheep (S), and computer simulated AF.METHODS: 64-electrode basket bi-atria sustained AF recordings (H:15 min; S:40 min) were separated into 5 s segments. ShEn/ApEn/SampEn were computed, and co-registered with NavX 3D maps. Temporal stability was determined in terms of: (i) global pattern stability of En and (ii) the relative stability the top 10% of En regions. To provide mechanistic insights into underlying mechanisms, stability characteristics were compared to models depicting various propagation patterns. To verify these results, cross-validation was performed across multiple En algorithms, across species, and compared with dominant frequency (DF) temporal characteristics. The specificity of En was also determined by looking at the association of En to rotors and areas of wave cross propagation.RESULTS: Episodes of AF were analysed (H:26 epochs, 6040 s; S:15 epochs, 14,160 s). The global pattern of En was temporally unstable (CV- H:13.42% ± 4.58%; S:14.13% ± 8.13%; Friedman- H: p > 0.001; S: p > 0.001). However, within this dynamic flux, the top 10% of ApEn/SampEn/ShEn regions were relatively temporally stable (Kappa >0.6) whilst the top 10% of DF regions were unstable (Kappa <0.06). In simulated AF scenarios, the experimental data were optimally reproduced in the context of an AF pattern with stable rotating waves surrounded by wavelet breakup (Kappa: 0.610; p < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: En shows global temporal instability, however within this dynamic flux, the top 10% regions exhibited relative temporal stability. This suggests that high En regions may be an appealing ablation target. Despite this, high En was associated with not just the pivot of rotors but also with areas of cross propagation, which suggests the need for future work before clinical application is possible.

AB - BACKGROUND: The potential utility of entropy (En) for atrial fibrillation (AF) mapping has been demonstrated in previous studies by multiple groups, where an association between high bipolar electrogram (EGM) entropy and the pivot of rotors has been shown. Though En is potentially attractive new approach to ablation, no studies have examined its temporal stability and specificity, which are critical to the application of entropy to clinical ablation. In the current study, we sought to objectively measure the temporal stability and specificity of bipolar EGM entropy in medium to long term recordings using three studies: i) a human basket catheter AF study, ii) a tachypaced sheep AF study and iii) a computer simulation study.OBJECTIVE: To characterize the temporal dynamics and specificity of Approximate, Sample and Shannon entropy (ApEn/SampEn/ShEn) in human (H), sheep (S), and computer simulated AF.METHODS: 64-electrode basket bi-atria sustained AF recordings (H:15 min; S:40 min) were separated into 5 s segments. ShEn/ApEn/SampEn were computed, and co-registered with NavX 3D maps. Temporal stability was determined in terms of: (i) global pattern stability of En and (ii) the relative stability the top 10% of En regions. To provide mechanistic insights into underlying mechanisms, stability characteristics were compared to models depicting various propagation patterns. To verify these results, cross-validation was performed across multiple En algorithms, across species, and compared with dominant frequency (DF) temporal characteristics. The specificity of En was also determined by looking at the association of En to rotors and areas of wave cross propagation.RESULTS: Episodes of AF were analysed (H:26 epochs, 6040 s; S:15 epochs, 14,160 s). The global pattern of En was temporally unstable (CV- H:13.42% ± 4.58%; S:14.13% ± 8.13%; Friedman- H: p > 0.001; S: p > 0.001). However, within this dynamic flux, the top 10% of ApEn/SampEn/ShEn regions were relatively temporally stable (Kappa >0.6) whilst the top 10% of DF regions were unstable (Kappa <0.06). In simulated AF scenarios, the experimental data were optimally reproduced in the context of an AF pattern with stable rotating waves surrounded by wavelet breakup (Kappa: 0.610; p < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: En shows global temporal instability, however within this dynamic flux, the top 10% regions exhibited relative temporal stability. This suggests that high En regions may be an appealing ablation target. Despite this, high En was associated with not just the pivot of rotors but also with areas of cross propagation, which suggests the need for future work before clinical application is possible.

KW - Algorithms

KW - Animals

KW - Atrial Fibrillation/physiopathology

KW - Computer Simulation

KW - Electrocardiography

KW - Entropy

KW - Heart Atria/physiopathology

KW - Heart Conduction System/physiopathology

KW - Humans

KW - Models, Cardiovascular

KW - Sensitivity and Specificity

KW - Sheep, Domestic

KW - Time Factors

U2 - 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2018.11.014

DO - 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2018.11.014

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 30580097

VL - 53

SP - 18

EP - 27

JO - J ELECTROCARDIOL

JF - J ELECTROCARDIOL

SN - 0022-0736

ER -