Successful Targeting of the Warburg Effect in Prostate Cancer by Glucose-Conjugated 1,4-Naphthoquinones
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Successful Targeting of the Warburg Effect in Prostate Cancer by Glucose-Conjugated 1,4-Naphthoquinones. / Dyshlovoy, Sergey A; Pelageev, Dmitry N; Hauschild, Jessica; Borisova, Ksenia L; Kaune, Moritz; Krisp, Christoph; Venz, Simone; Sabutskii, Yurii E; Khmelevskaya, Ekaterina A; Busenbender, Tobias; Denisenko, Vladimir A; Pokhilo, Natalia D; Atopkina, Lyubov N; Graefen, Markus; Schlüter, Hartmut; Stonik, Valentin A; Bokemeyer, Carsten; Anufriev, Victor Ph; von Amsberg, Gunhild.
In: CANCERS, Vol. 11, No. 11, 1690, 30.10.2019.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Successful Targeting of the Warburg Effect in Prostate Cancer by Glucose-Conjugated 1,4-Naphthoquinones
AU - Dyshlovoy, Sergey A
AU - Pelageev, Dmitry N
AU - Hauschild, Jessica
AU - Borisova, Ksenia L
AU - Kaune, Moritz
AU - Krisp, Christoph
AU - Venz, Simone
AU - Sabutskii, Yurii E
AU - Khmelevskaya, Ekaterina A
AU - Busenbender, Tobias
AU - Denisenko, Vladimir A
AU - Pokhilo, Natalia D
AU - Atopkina, Lyubov N
AU - Graefen, Markus
AU - Schlüter, Hartmut
AU - Stonik, Valentin A
AU - Bokemeyer, Carsten
AU - Anufriev, Victor Ph
AU - von Amsberg, Gunhild
N1 - Funding Information: Funding: This research was funded by Hamburger Krebsgesellschaft e.V. and RFBR grant No 18-33-00460_mol_a. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Copyright: Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/10/30
Y1 - 2019/10/30
N2 - Treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains challenging due to the development of drug resistance. The Warburg effect describes the ability of cancer cells to consume larger amounts of glucose compared to normal tissues. We identified derivatives of natural 1,4-naphthoquinones to be active in CRPC and further synthetically modified them via glucose conjugation to increase selectivity by Warburg effect targeting. Mechanisms of action were examined by quantitative proteomics followed by bioinformatical analysis and target validation. Four synthesized molecules revealed the highest selectivity towards human CRPC cells, which correlated with higher GLUT-1 activity and expression. The compounds were able to induce pro-apoptotic signs and to inhibit the pro-survival processes and mechanisms of drug resistance (i.e., AR-signaling and autophagy). Proteome analysis suggested a disruption of the mitochondria/oxidative phosphorylation, which was validated by further functional analysis: thus, mitochondria depolarization, elevated levels of cytotoxic ROS, an increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio as well as release of mitochondrial AIF and cytochrome C to cytoplasm were observed. In conclusion, glucose-conjugated 1,4-naphthoquinones show potent activity and selectivity in human CRPC exerted via mitochondrial targeting. The compounds can overcome drug resistance against current standard therapies and suppress pro-survival mechanisms. This unique combination of properties makes them new promising candidates for the treatment of CRPC.
AB - Treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains challenging due to the development of drug resistance. The Warburg effect describes the ability of cancer cells to consume larger amounts of glucose compared to normal tissues. We identified derivatives of natural 1,4-naphthoquinones to be active in CRPC and further synthetically modified them via glucose conjugation to increase selectivity by Warburg effect targeting. Mechanisms of action were examined by quantitative proteomics followed by bioinformatical analysis and target validation. Four synthesized molecules revealed the highest selectivity towards human CRPC cells, which correlated with higher GLUT-1 activity and expression. The compounds were able to induce pro-apoptotic signs and to inhibit the pro-survival processes and mechanisms of drug resistance (i.e., AR-signaling and autophagy). Proteome analysis suggested a disruption of the mitochondria/oxidative phosphorylation, which was validated by further functional analysis: thus, mitochondria depolarization, elevated levels of cytotoxic ROS, an increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio as well as release of mitochondrial AIF and cytochrome C to cytoplasm were observed. In conclusion, glucose-conjugated 1,4-naphthoquinones show potent activity and selectivity in human CRPC exerted via mitochondrial targeting. The compounds can overcome drug resistance against current standard therapies and suppress pro-survival mechanisms. This unique combination of properties makes them new promising candidates for the treatment of CRPC.
KW - 1,4-naphthoquinones
KW - Castration-resistant prostate cancer
KW - Mitochondria
KW - Proteomics
KW - Warburg effect
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85074474450&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/cancers11111690
DO - 10.3390/cancers11111690
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 31671612
VL - 11
JO - CANCERS
JF - CANCERS
SN - 2072-6694
IS - 11
M1 - 1690
ER -