Reduced associative memory for negative information: impact of confidence and interactive imagery during study
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Reduced associative memory for negative information: impact of confidence and interactive imagery during study. / Caplan, Jeremy B; Sommer, Tobias; Madan, Christopher R; Fujiwara, Esther.
In: COGNITION EMOTION, Vol. 33, No. 8, 12.2019, p. 1745-1753.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Reduced associative memory for negative information: impact of confidence and interactive imagery during study
AU - Caplan, Jeremy B
AU - Sommer, Tobias
AU - Madan, Christopher R
AU - Fujiwara, Esther
PY - 2019/12
Y1 - 2019/12
N2 - Although item-memory for emotional information is enhanced, memory for associations between items is often impaired for negative, emotionally arousing compared to neutral information. We tested two possible mechanisms underlying this impairment, using picture pairs: 1) higher confidence in one's own ability to memorise negative information may cause participants to under-study negative pairs; 2) better interactive imagery for neutral pairs could facilitate associative memory for neutral pairs more than for negative pairs. Tested with associative recognition, we replicated the impairment of associative memory for negative pairs. We also replicated the result that confidence in future memory (judgments of learning) was higher for negative than neutral pairs. Inflated confidence could not explain the impairment of associative recognition memory: Judgements of learning were positively correlated with associative memory success for both negative and neutral pairs. However, neutral pairs were rated higher in their conduciveness to interactive imagery than negative pairs, and this difference in interactive imagery showed a robust relationship to the associative memory difference. Thus, associative memory reductions for negative information are not due to differences in encoding effort. Instead, interactive imagery may be less effective for encoding of negative than neutral pairs.
AB - Although item-memory for emotional information is enhanced, memory for associations between items is often impaired for negative, emotionally arousing compared to neutral information. We tested two possible mechanisms underlying this impairment, using picture pairs: 1) higher confidence in one's own ability to memorise negative information may cause participants to under-study negative pairs; 2) better interactive imagery for neutral pairs could facilitate associative memory for neutral pairs more than for negative pairs. Tested with associative recognition, we replicated the impairment of associative memory for negative pairs. We also replicated the result that confidence in future memory (judgments of learning) was higher for negative than neutral pairs. Inflated confidence could not explain the impairment of associative recognition memory: Judgements of learning were positively correlated with associative memory success for both negative and neutral pairs. However, neutral pairs were rated higher in their conduciveness to interactive imagery than negative pairs, and this difference in interactive imagery showed a robust relationship to the associative memory difference. Thus, associative memory reductions for negative information are not due to differences in encoding effort. Instead, interactive imagery may be less effective for encoding of negative than neutral pairs.
U2 - 10.1080/02699931.2019.1602028
DO - 10.1080/02699931.2019.1602028
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 30990113
VL - 33
SP - 1745
EP - 1753
JO - COGNITION EMOTION
JF - COGNITION EMOTION
SN - 0269-9931
IS - 8
ER -