Recent advances in studying brain-behavior interactions using functional imaging: The primary startle response pathway and its affective modulation in humans
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Recent advances in studying brain-behavior interactions using functional imaging: The primary startle response pathway and its affective modulation in humans. / Wendt, Julia; Kuhn, Manuel; Hamm, Alfons O; Lonsdorf, Tina B.
In: PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY, Vol. 60, No. 12, 12.2023, p. e14364.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Review article › Research
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Recent advances in studying brain-behavior interactions using functional imaging: The primary startle response pathway and its affective modulation in humans
AU - Wendt, Julia
AU - Kuhn, Manuel
AU - Hamm, Alfons O
AU - Lonsdorf, Tina B
N1 - © 2023 The Authors. Psychophysiology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Psychophysiological Research.
PY - 2023/12
Y1 - 2023/12
N2 - The startle response is a cross-species defensive reflex that is considered a key tool for cross-species translational emotion research. While the neural pathway mediating (affective) startle modulation has been extensively studied in rodents, human work on brain-behavior interactions has lagged in the past due to technical challenges, which have only recently been overcome through non-invasive simultaneous EMG-fMRI assessments. We illustrate key paradigms and methodological tools for startle response assessment in rodents and humans and review evidence for primary and modulatory neural circuits underlying startle responses and their affective modulation in humans. Based on this, we suggest a refined and integrative model for primary and modulatory startle response pathways in humans concluding that there is strong evidence from human work on the neurobiological pathway underlying the primary startle response while evidence for the modulatory pathway is still sparse. In addition, we provide methodological considerations to guide future work and provide an outlook on new and exciting perspectives enabled through technical and theoretical advances outlined in this work.
AB - The startle response is a cross-species defensive reflex that is considered a key tool for cross-species translational emotion research. While the neural pathway mediating (affective) startle modulation has been extensively studied in rodents, human work on brain-behavior interactions has lagged in the past due to technical challenges, which have only recently been overcome through non-invasive simultaneous EMG-fMRI assessments. We illustrate key paradigms and methodological tools for startle response assessment in rodents and humans and review evidence for primary and modulatory neural circuits underlying startle responses and their affective modulation in humans. Based on this, we suggest a refined and integrative model for primary and modulatory startle response pathways in humans concluding that there is strong evidence from human work on the neurobiological pathway underlying the primary startle response while evidence for the modulatory pathway is still sparse. In addition, we provide methodological considerations to guide future work and provide an outlook on new and exciting perspectives enabled through technical and theoretical advances outlined in this work.
KW - Humans
KW - Reflex, Startle/physiology
KW - Electromyography
KW - Brain/physiology
KW - Emotions/physiology
U2 - 10.1111/psyp.14364
DO - 10.1111/psyp.14364
M3 - SCORING: Review article
C2 - 37402156
VL - 60
SP - e14364
JO - PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
JF - PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
SN - 0048-5772
IS - 12
ER -
