Profile of the Immune and Inflammatory Response in Individuals With Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes
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Profile of the Immune and Inflammatory Response in Individuals With Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes. / Grossmann, Vera; Schmitt, Volker H; Zeller, Tanja; Panova-Noeva, Marina; Schulz, Andreas; Laubert-Reh, Dagmar; Juenger, Claus; Schnabel, Renate B; Abt, Tobias G J; Laskowski, Rafael; Wiltink, Jörg; Schulz, Eberhard; Blankenberg, Stefan; Lackner, Karl J; Münzel, Thomas; Wild, Philipp S.
In: DIABETES CARE, Vol. 38, No. 7, 07.2015, p. 1356-1364.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Profile of the Immune and Inflammatory Response in Individuals With Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes
AU - Grossmann, Vera
AU - Schmitt, Volker H
AU - Zeller, Tanja
AU - Panova-Noeva, Marina
AU - Schulz, Andreas
AU - Laubert-Reh, Dagmar
AU - Juenger, Claus
AU - Schnabel, Renate B
AU - Abt, Tobias G J
AU - Laskowski, Rafael
AU - Wiltink, Jörg
AU - Schulz, Eberhard
AU - Blankenberg, Stefan
AU - Lackner, Karl J
AU - Münzel, Thomas
AU - Wild, Philipp S
N1 - © 2015 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered.
PY - 2015/7
Y1 - 2015/7
N2 - OBJECTIVE: The inflammatory and immune systems are altered in type 2 diabetes. Here, the aim was to profile the immune and inflammatory response in subjects with prediabetes and diabetes in a large population-representative sample.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In total, 15,010 individuals were analyzed from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study. Glucose status was classified according to HbA1c concentration and history of diagnosis. All samples were analyzed for white blood cells (WBCs), granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, fibrinogen, and hematocrit. Interleukin-18 (IL-18), IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), and neopterin concentrations were determined in a subcohort.RESULTS: In total, 7,584 men and 7,426 women were analyzed (range 35-74 years), with 1,425 and 1,299 having prediabetes and diabetes, respectively. Biomarkers showed varying dynamics from normoglycemic via subjects with prediabetes to subjects with diabetes: 1) gradual increase (WBCs, granulocytes, monocytes, IL-1RA, IL-18, and fibrinogen), 2) increase with subclinical disease only (lymphocytes and CRP), 3) increase from prediabetes to diabetes only (neopterin), and 4) no variation with glucose status (hematocrit). The strongest relative differences were found for CRP, IL-1RA, and fibrinogen concentrations. Several inflammatory and immune markers were associated with the glucose status independent from cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities, varied with disease severity and the presence of disease-specific complications in the diabetes subcohort.CONCLUSIONS: The inflammatory and immune biomarker profile varies with the development and progression of type 2 diabetes. Markers of inflammation and immunity enable differentiation between the early preclinical and clinical phases of the disease, disease complications, and progression.
AB - OBJECTIVE: The inflammatory and immune systems are altered in type 2 diabetes. Here, the aim was to profile the immune and inflammatory response in subjects with prediabetes and diabetes in a large population-representative sample.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In total, 15,010 individuals were analyzed from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study. Glucose status was classified according to HbA1c concentration and history of diagnosis. All samples were analyzed for white blood cells (WBCs), granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, fibrinogen, and hematocrit. Interleukin-18 (IL-18), IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), and neopterin concentrations were determined in a subcohort.RESULTS: In total, 7,584 men and 7,426 women were analyzed (range 35-74 years), with 1,425 and 1,299 having prediabetes and diabetes, respectively. Biomarkers showed varying dynamics from normoglycemic via subjects with prediabetes to subjects with diabetes: 1) gradual increase (WBCs, granulocytes, monocytes, IL-1RA, IL-18, and fibrinogen), 2) increase with subclinical disease only (lymphocytes and CRP), 3) increase from prediabetes to diabetes only (neopterin), and 4) no variation with glucose status (hematocrit). The strongest relative differences were found for CRP, IL-1RA, and fibrinogen concentrations. Several inflammatory and immune markers were associated with the glucose status independent from cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities, varied with disease severity and the presence of disease-specific complications in the diabetes subcohort.CONCLUSIONS: The inflammatory and immune biomarker profile varies with the development and progression of type 2 diabetes. Markers of inflammation and immunity enable differentiation between the early preclinical and clinical phases of the disease, disease complications, and progression.
KW - Adult
KW - Aged
KW - Biomarkers/blood
KW - C-Reactive Protein/metabolism
KW - Cardiovascular Diseases/blood
KW - Comorbidity
KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
KW - Disease Progression
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Immunity
KW - Inflammation/blood
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Prediabetic State/blood
KW - Risk Factors
U2 - 10.2337/dc14-3008
DO - 10.2337/dc14-3008
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 25877811
VL - 38
SP - 1356
EP - 1364
JO - DIABETES CARE
JF - DIABETES CARE
SN - 0149-5992
IS - 7
ER -
