Post-Vaccination Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Antibody Response in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Correlates with Low CD19+ B-Lymphocyte Count and Anti-CD38 Treatment

TY - JOUR

T1 - Post-Vaccination Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Antibody Response in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Correlates with Low CD19+ B-Lymphocyte Count and Anti-CD38 Treatment

AU - Ghandili, Susanne

AU - Schönlein, Martin

AU - Lütgehetmann, Marc

AU - Wiesch, Julian Schulze zur

AU - Becher, Heiko

AU - Bokemeyer, Carsten

AU - Sinn, Marianne

AU - Weisel, Katja C.

AU - Leypoldt, Lisa B.

N1 - Funding Information: Conflicts of Interest: S.G. has nothing to declare. M.S. (Martin Schönlein) has nothing to declare. M.L. has nothing to declare. J.S.z.W. has nothing to declare. H.B. has nothing to declare. C.B. received speaker honoraria from Merck KGaA, Sanofi, Roche, Bayer, Bristol‐Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, and Merck Sharp Dohme; has consulting or advisory roles for Lilly/ImClone, Merck Serono, Sanofi, Bayer Schering Pharma, Merck Sharp & Dohme, GSO, and AOK Health Insurance; received research funding from Abbvie, ADC Therapeutics, Agile Therapeutics, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Amgen, Apellis, Pharmaceuticals, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BerGenBio, Blueprint, Medicines, Bristol‐Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Gilead Sciences, Gylcotope GmBH, GlaxoSmithKline, Incyte, IO Biotech, Isofol Medical, Janssen‐Cilag, Karyopharm Therapeutics, Lilly, Millennium, MSD, Nektar, Novartis, Rafael Pharmaceuticals, Roche, Springworks Therapeutics, and Taiho Pharmaceutical, and received travel accommodation and expenses from Merck Serono, Sanofi, Pfizer, and Bristol‐Myers Squibb. M.S. (Marianne Sinn) received speaker honoraria from BMS, Incyte, Pfizer, and Servier, has participated in advisory boards for Astra Zenica, Amgen, Servier, MSD, and Sanofi, and has received research funding from Astra Zenica, Bayer, BMS, MSD, Roche, Servier, Amgen, and Incyte. K.C.W. received speaker honoraria from Amgen, Adaptive, BMS, Celgene, Janssen, GSK, Karyopharm, Takeda, and Sanofi; has participated in advisory boards/has consulting role for Amgen, Adaptive, BMS, Celgene, Janssen, GSK, Karyopharm, Takeda, and Sanofi, and has received research funding from Amgen, Celgene, Sanofi, and Janssen. L.B.L. received support for meeting attendance from GSK and Abbvie and has participated in advisory boards for GSK and Sanofi. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2021/7/28

Y1 - 2021/7/28

N2 - Few data are available regarding the efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with hematological malignancies, and particular, plasma cell neoplasia. This ongoing single-center study aimed to describe the level of post-vaccination anti-SARS-CoV-2-antibodies depending on B lymphocyte count, current therapy, and remission status of patients with multiple myeloma and related plasma cell dyscrasia, after the first dose of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The 82 patients included in this study received SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (including mRNA- and vector-based vaccines) as a routine measure. After the first vaccination, a positive SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody titer (SP-AbT) was detected in 23% of assessable patients. SARS-CoV-2 SP-AbT was significantly higher in patients with higher CD19+ B lymphocyte counts. A cut-off value of ≥30 CD19+ B cells/µL was significantly positive correlating with higher SARS-CoV-2 SP-AbT. In contrast, current treatment with anti-CD38-antibodies has led to significantly reduced SP-AbT titers. Furthermore, in multivariable linear regression, higher age and insufficiently controlled disease significantly correlated negatively with SARS-CoV-2 SP-AbT. Conversely, treatment with immunomodulatory drugs did not harm the development of antibody titers. Based on our results, the majority of myeloma patients respond poorly after receiving the first dose of any anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and need booster vaccination.

AB - Few data are available regarding the efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with hematological malignancies, and particular, plasma cell neoplasia. This ongoing single-center study aimed to describe the level of post-vaccination anti-SARS-CoV-2-antibodies depending on B lymphocyte count, current therapy, and remission status of patients with multiple myeloma and related plasma cell dyscrasia, after the first dose of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The 82 patients included in this study received SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (including mRNA- and vector-based vaccines) as a routine measure. After the first vaccination, a positive SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody titer (SP-AbT) was detected in 23% of assessable patients. SARS-CoV-2 SP-AbT was significantly higher in patients with higher CD19+ B lymphocyte counts. A cut-off value of ≥30 CD19+ B cells/µL was significantly positive correlating with higher SARS-CoV-2 SP-AbT. In contrast, current treatment with anti-CD38-antibodies has led to significantly reduced SP-AbT titers. Furthermore, in multivariable linear regression, higher age and insufficiently controlled disease significantly correlated negatively with SARS-CoV-2 SP-AbT. Conversely, treatment with immunomodulatory drugs did not harm the development of antibody titers. Based on our results, the majority of myeloma patients respond poorly after receiving the first dose of any anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and need booster vaccination.

KW - Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody response

KW - Multiple myeloma

KW - SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination

U2 - 10.3390/cancers13153800

DO - 10.3390/cancers13153800

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 34359701

VL - 13

JO - CANCERS

JF - CANCERS

SN - 2072-6694

IS - 15

M1 - 3800

ER -