Pet ownership and psychosocial outcomes among the oldest old in Germany during the Covid-19 pandemic. Findings based on the nationally representative "Old Age in Germany (D80+)"

TY - JOUR

T1 - Pet ownership and psychosocial outcomes among the oldest old in Germany during the Covid-19 pandemic. Findings based on the nationally representative "Old Age in Germany (D80+)"

AU - Hajek, André

AU - Peltzer, Karl

AU - Veronese, Nicola

AU - König, Hans-Helmut

AU - Gyasi, Razak M

N1 - © 2024 The Author(s). International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

PY - 2024/7/17

Y1 - 2024/7/17

N2 - OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between pet ownership and psychosocial outcomes among the oldest old in Germany during the Covid-19 pandemic.METHODS/DESIGN: Data from the "Old Age in Germany (D80+)" study were used, a large, nationwide representative study covering both individuals living at home and individuals in nursing homes aged 80 years and above (n = 2867 individuals). The telephone interviews were conducted from May to October 2021. Established tools (e.g., "Short Form of the Depression in Old Age Scale", DIA-S4) were used to quantify the outcomes. Five groups were generated: (1) no pet ownership, (2) having at least one dog (but no other pets), (3) having at least one cat (but no other pets), (4) having at least one other pet (but neither dogs nor cats), (5) having at least two different types of pets (in any combination).RESULTS: Multiple linear regressions showed that compared to individuals without a pet, individuals having at least one dog had significantly lower loneliness levels (β = -0.21, p < 0.01). In the fully-adjusted models, other forms of pet ownership were not significantly associated with the outcomes examined.CONCLUSION: Particularly living with a dog was associated with lower loneliness among the oldest old people in Germany. If living with a dog is in line with the preferences and attitudes of the very old, this could be a strategy for reducing loneliness in this age group.

AB - OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between pet ownership and psychosocial outcomes among the oldest old in Germany during the Covid-19 pandemic.METHODS/DESIGN: Data from the "Old Age in Germany (D80+)" study were used, a large, nationwide representative study covering both individuals living at home and individuals in nursing homes aged 80 years and above (n = 2867 individuals). The telephone interviews were conducted from May to October 2021. Established tools (e.g., "Short Form of the Depression in Old Age Scale", DIA-S4) were used to quantify the outcomes. Five groups were generated: (1) no pet ownership, (2) having at least one dog (but no other pets), (3) having at least one cat (but no other pets), (4) having at least one other pet (but neither dogs nor cats), (5) having at least two different types of pets (in any combination).RESULTS: Multiple linear regressions showed that compared to individuals without a pet, individuals having at least one dog had significantly lower loneliness levels (β = -0.21, p < 0.01). In the fully-adjusted models, other forms of pet ownership were not significantly associated with the outcomes examined.CONCLUSION: Particularly living with a dog was associated with lower loneliness among the oldest old people in Germany. If living with a dog is in line with the preferences and attitudes of the very old, this could be a strategy for reducing loneliness in this age group.

KW - Humans

KW - Germany/epidemiology

KW - COVID-19/psychology

KW - Aged, 80 and over

KW - Pets/psychology

KW - Male

KW - Female

KW - Loneliness/psychology

KW - Animals

KW - Dogs

KW - Cats

KW - Ownership/statistics & numerical data

KW - SARS-CoV-2

KW - Nursing Homes/statistics & numerical data

KW - Human-Animal Bond

U2 - 10.1002/gps.6127

DO - 10.1002/gps.6127

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 39019649

VL - 39

JO - INT J GERIATR PSYCH

JF - INT J GERIATR PSYCH

SN - 0885-6230

IS - 7

M1 - e6127

ER -