Overconfidence across the psychosis continuum - a calibration approach
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Overconfidence across the psychosis continuum - a calibration approach. / Balzan, Ryan P; Woodward, Todd S; Delfabbro, Paul; Moritz, Steffen.
In: COGN NEUROPSYCHIATRY, Vol. 21, No. 6, 06.10.2016, p. 510-524.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Overconfidence across the psychosis continuum - a calibration approach
AU - Balzan, Ryan P
AU - Woodward, Todd S
AU - Delfabbro, Paul
AU - Moritz, Steffen
PY - 2016/10/6
Y1 - 2016/10/6
N2 - INTRODUCTION: An 'overconfidence in errors' bias has been consistently observed in people with schizophrenia relative to healthy controls, however, the bias is seldom found to be associated with delusional ideation. Using a more precise confidence-accuracy calibration measure of overconfidence, the present study aimed to explore whether the overconfidence bias is greater in people with higher delusional ideation.METHODS: A sample of 25 participants with schizophrenia and 50 non-clinical controls (25 high- and 25 low-delusion-prone) completed 30 difficult trivia questions (accuracy <75%); 15 'half-scale' items required participants to indicate their level of confidence for accuracy, and the remaining 'confidence-range' items asked participants to provide lower/upper bounds in which they were 80% confident the true answer lay within.RESULTS: There was a trend towards higher overconfidence for half-scale items in the schizophrenia and high-delusion-prone groups, which reached statistical significance for confidence-range items. However, accuracy was particularly low in the two delusional groups and a significant negative correlation between clinical delusional scores and overconfidence was observed for half-scale items within the schizophrenia group. Evidence in support of an association between overconfidence and delusional ideation was therefore mixed.CONCLUSIONS: Inflated confidence-accuracy miscalibration for the two delusional groups may be better explained by their greater unawareness of their underperformance, rather than representing genuinely inflated overconfidence in errors.
AB - INTRODUCTION: An 'overconfidence in errors' bias has been consistently observed in people with schizophrenia relative to healthy controls, however, the bias is seldom found to be associated with delusional ideation. Using a more precise confidence-accuracy calibration measure of overconfidence, the present study aimed to explore whether the overconfidence bias is greater in people with higher delusional ideation.METHODS: A sample of 25 participants with schizophrenia and 50 non-clinical controls (25 high- and 25 low-delusion-prone) completed 30 difficult trivia questions (accuracy <75%); 15 'half-scale' items required participants to indicate their level of confidence for accuracy, and the remaining 'confidence-range' items asked participants to provide lower/upper bounds in which they were 80% confident the true answer lay within.RESULTS: There was a trend towards higher overconfidence for half-scale items in the schizophrenia and high-delusion-prone groups, which reached statistical significance for confidence-range items. However, accuracy was particularly low in the two delusional groups and a significant negative correlation between clinical delusional scores and overconfidence was observed for half-scale items within the schizophrenia group. Evidence in support of an association between overconfidence and delusional ideation was therefore mixed.CONCLUSIONS: Inflated confidence-accuracy miscalibration for the two delusional groups may be better explained by their greater unawareness of their underperformance, rather than representing genuinely inflated overconfidence in errors.
U2 - 10.1080/13546805.2016.1240072
DO - 10.1080/13546805.2016.1240072
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 27710199
VL - 21
SP - 510
EP - 524
JO - COGN NEUROPSYCHIATRY
JF - COGN NEUROPSYCHIATRY
SN - 1354-6805
IS - 6
ER -