Neuropsychosocial profiles of current and future adolescent alcohol misusers
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Neuropsychosocial profiles of current and future adolescent alcohol misusers. / Whelan, Robert; Watts, Richard; Orr, Catherine A; Althoff, Robert R; Artiges, Eric; Banaschewski, Tobias; Barker, Gareth J; Bokde, Arun L W; Büchel, Christian; Carvalho, Fabiana M; Conrod, Patricia J; Flor, Herta; Fauth-Bühler, Mira; Frouin, Vincent; Gallinat, Jürgen; Gan, Gabriela; Gowland, Penny; Heinz, Andreas; Ittermann, Bernd; Lawrence, Claire; Mann, Karl; Martinot, Jean-Luc; Nees, Frauke; Ortiz, Nick; Paillère-Martinot, Marie-Laure; Paus, Tomas; Pausova, Zdenka; Rietschel, Marcella; Robbins, Trevor W; Smolka, Michael N; Ströhle, Andreas; Schumann, Gunter; Garavan, Hugh; IMAGEN Consortium.
In: NATURE, Vol. 512, No. 7513, 14.08.2014, p. 185-9.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Neuropsychosocial profiles of current and future adolescent alcohol misusers
AU - Whelan, Robert
AU - Watts, Richard
AU - Orr, Catherine A
AU - Althoff, Robert R
AU - Artiges, Eric
AU - Banaschewski, Tobias
AU - Barker, Gareth J
AU - Bokde, Arun L W
AU - Büchel, Christian
AU - Carvalho, Fabiana M
AU - Conrod, Patricia J
AU - Flor, Herta
AU - Fauth-Bühler, Mira
AU - Frouin, Vincent
AU - Gallinat, Jürgen
AU - Gan, Gabriela
AU - Gowland, Penny
AU - Heinz, Andreas
AU - Ittermann, Bernd
AU - Lawrence, Claire
AU - Mann, Karl
AU - Martinot, Jean-Luc
AU - Nees, Frauke
AU - Ortiz, Nick
AU - Paillère-Martinot, Marie-Laure
AU - Paus, Tomas
AU - Pausova, Zdenka
AU - Rietschel, Marcella
AU - Robbins, Trevor W
AU - Smolka, Michael N
AU - Ströhle, Andreas
AU - Schumann, Gunter
AU - Garavan, Hugh
AU - IMAGEN Consortium
PY - 2014/8/14
Y1 - 2014/8/14
N2 - A comprehensive account of the causes of alcohol misuse must accommodate individual differences in biology, psychology and environment, and must disentangle cause and effect. Animal models can demonstrate the effects of neurotoxic substances; however, they provide limited insight into the psycho-social and higher cognitive factors involved in the initiation of substance use and progression to misuse. One can search for pre-existing risk factors by testing for endophenotypic biomarkers in non-using relatives; however, these relatives may have personality or neural resilience factors that protect them from developing dependence. A longitudinal study has potential to identify predictors of adolescent substance misuse, particularly if it can incorporate a wide range of potential causal factors, both proximal and distal, and their influence on numerous social, psychological and biological mechanisms. Here we apply machine learning to a wide range of data from a large sample of adolescents (n = 692) to generate models of current and future adolescent alcohol misuse that incorporate brain structure and function, individual personality and cognitive differences, environmental factors (including gestational cigarette and alcohol exposure), life experiences, and candidate genes. These models were accurate and generalized to novel data, and point to life experiences, neurobiological differences and personality as important antecedents of binge drinking. By identifying the vulnerability factors underlying individual differences in alcohol misuse, these models shed light on the aetiology of alcohol misuse and suggest targets for prevention.
AB - A comprehensive account of the causes of alcohol misuse must accommodate individual differences in biology, psychology and environment, and must disentangle cause and effect. Animal models can demonstrate the effects of neurotoxic substances; however, they provide limited insight into the psycho-social and higher cognitive factors involved in the initiation of substance use and progression to misuse. One can search for pre-existing risk factors by testing for endophenotypic biomarkers in non-using relatives; however, these relatives may have personality or neural resilience factors that protect them from developing dependence. A longitudinal study has potential to identify predictors of adolescent substance misuse, particularly if it can incorporate a wide range of potential causal factors, both proximal and distal, and their influence on numerous social, psychological and biological mechanisms. Here we apply machine learning to a wide range of data from a large sample of adolescents (n = 692) to generate models of current and future adolescent alcohol misuse that incorporate brain structure and function, individual personality and cognitive differences, environmental factors (including gestational cigarette and alcohol exposure), life experiences, and candidate genes. These models were accurate and generalized to novel data, and point to life experiences, neurobiological differences and personality as important antecedents of binge drinking. By identifying the vulnerability factors underlying individual differences in alcohol misuse, these models shed light on the aetiology of alcohol misuse and suggest targets for prevention.
KW - Adolescent
KW - Alcohol Drinking
KW - Alcoholism
KW - Artificial Intelligence
KW - Brain
KW - Cognition
KW - Environment
KW - Humans
KW - Life Change Events
KW - Longitudinal Studies
KW - Models, Theoretical
KW - Personality
KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
KW - Psychology
KW - Reproducibility of Results
KW - Risk Factors
U2 - 10.1038/nature13402
DO - 10.1038/nature13402
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 25043041
VL - 512
SP - 185
EP - 189
JO - NATURE
JF - NATURE
SN - 0028-0836
IS - 7513
ER -