MicroRNA functions in osteogenesis and dysfunctions in osteoporosis

TY - JOUR

T1 - MicroRNA functions in osteogenesis and dysfunctions in osteoporosis

AU - van Wijnen, Andre J

AU - van de Peppel, Jeroen

AU - van Leeuwen, Johannes P

AU - Lian, Jane B

AU - Stein, Gary S

AU - Westendorf, Jennifer J

AU - Oursler, Merry-Jo

AU - Im, Hee-Jeong

AU - Taipaleenmäki, Hanna

AU - Hesse, Eric

AU - Riester, Scott

AU - Kakar, Sanjeev

PY - 2013/6/1

Y1 - 2013/6/1

N2 - MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that control osteoblast mediated bone formation and osteoclast-related bone remodeling. Deregulation of miRNA mediated mechanisms is emerging as an important pathological factor in bone degeneration (eg, osteoporosis) and other bone-related diseases. MiRNAs are intriguing regulatory molecules that are networked with cell signaling pathways and intricate transcriptional programs through ingenuous circuits with remarkably simple logic. This overview examines key principles by which miRNAs control differentiation of osteoblasts as they evolve from mesenchymal stromal cells during osteogenesis, or of osteoclasts as they originate from monocytic precursors in the hematopoietic lineage during osteoclastogenesis. Of particular note are miRNAs that are temporally upregulated during osteoblastogenesis (eg, miR-218) or osteoclastogenesis (eg, miR-148a). Each miRNA stimulates differentiation by suppressing inhibitory signaling pathways ('double-negative' regulation). The excitement surrounding miRNAs in bone biology stems from the prominent effects that individual miRNAs can have on biological transitions during differentiation of skeletal cells and correlations of miRNA dysfunction with bone diseases. MiRNAs have significant clinical potential which is reflected by their versatility as disease-specific biomarkers and their promise as therapeutic agents to ameliorate or reverse bone tissue degeneration.

AB - MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that control osteoblast mediated bone formation and osteoclast-related bone remodeling. Deregulation of miRNA mediated mechanisms is emerging as an important pathological factor in bone degeneration (eg, osteoporosis) and other bone-related diseases. MiRNAs are intriguing regulatory molecules that are networked with cell signaling pathways and intricate transcriptional programs through ingenuous circuits with remarkably simple logic. This overview examines key principles by which miRNAs control differentiation of osteoblasts as they evolve from mesenchymal stromal cells during osteogenesis, or of osteoclasts as they originate from monocytic precursors in the hematopoietic lineage during osteoclastogenesis. Of particular note are miRNAs that are temporally upregulated during osteoblastogenesis (eg, miR-218) or osteoclastogenesis (eg, miR-148a). Each miRNA stimulates differentiation by suppressing inhibitory signaling pathways ('double-negative' regulation). The excitement surrounding miRNAs in bone biology stems from the prominent effects that individual miRNAs can have on biological transitions during differentiation of skeletal cells and correlations of miRNA dysfunction with bone diseases. MiRNAs have significant clinical potential which is reflected by their versatility as disease-specific biomarkers and their promise as therapeutic agents to ameliorate or reverse bone tissue degeneration.

KW - Bone Remodeling

KW - Gene Expression Regulation

KW - Humans

KW - MicroRNAs

KW - Osteoblasts

KW - Osteogenesis

KW - Osteoporosis

KW - Signal Transduction

U2 - 10.1007/s11914-013-0143-6

DO - 10.1007/s11914-013-0143-6

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 23605904

VL - 11

SP - 72

EP - 82

JO - CURR OSTEOPOROS REP

JF - CURR OSTEOPOROS REP

SN - 1544-1873

IS - 2

ER -