The advantage of using ceramic inserts is to prevent major drawbacks of composite resins such as polymerization shrinkage, wear and microleakage. This in vitro study evaluated the marginal adaptation of two approximal ceramic insert systems after cementation to the cavities opened with ultrasonic tips. Proximal cavities with margins in enamel were prepared in 20 intact molars using ultrasonic tips (SONICSYS approx tips [microtorpedo size #2 and #3]; Siplus Instrument approximal [U-shaped]). Inserts of similar sizes (n=10) from two systems corresponding to the ultrasonic tips were placed in the cavities (SONICSYS Inlay; SDS-Inlay system), one on the mesial side and the other on the distal side of the same molar. Following cementation and thermocycling (5000 cycles, between 5-55 degrees C), cement thickness was measured at the buccal, lingual walls and pulpal floors of the proximal boxes under light microscope (x150). The mean cement thickness values recorded for SONICSYS inserts #2 (25 microm) was not significantly different (p>0.05) from that of SDS inserts of similar size (26 microm). There was a significant difference (p
