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Knowledge as to cholesterol reduction and use of phytosterol-enriched dietary foods in the general population: Insights from the Hamburg City Health Study

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Knowledge as to cholesterol reduction and use of phytosterol-enriched dietary foods in the general population: Insights from the Hamburg City Health Study. / Zyriax, Birgit-Christiane; Borof, Katrin; Walter, Sascha; Augustin, Matthias; Windler, Eberhard.

In: ATHEROSCLEROSIS, Vol. 341, 01.2022, p. 1-6.

Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review

Harvard

Zyriax, B-C, Borof, K, Walter, S, Augustin, M & Windler, E 2022, 'Knowledge as to cholesterol reduction and use of phytosterol-enriched dietary foods in the general population: Insights from the Hamburg City Health Study', ATHEROSCLEROSIS, vol. 341, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.12.004

APA

Zyriax, B-C., Borof, K., Walter, S., Augustin, M., & Windler, E. (2022). Knowledge as to cholesterol reduction and use of phytosterol-enriched dietary foods in the general population: Insights from the Hamburg City Health Study. ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 341, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.12.004

Vancouver

Zyriax B-C, Borof K, Walter S, Augustin M, Windler E. Knowledge as to cholesterol reduction and use of phytosterol-enriched dietary foods in the general population: Insights from the Hamburg City Health Study. ATHEROSCLEROSIS. 2022 Jan;341:1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.12.004

Bibtex

@article{cf3c70ad17e24c9b8aa579986d70fde5,
title = "Knowledge as to cholesterol reduction and use of phytosterol-enriched dietary foods in the general population: Insights from the Hamburg City Health Study",
abstract = "BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Dietary approaches to lowering cholesterol appear to be common knowledge. However, the marketing of phytosterol-enriched products and their recommendation by guidelines for individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular disease have given rise to concern, since phytosterols may be atherogenic and inappropriately used by healthy individuals of higher social status at low cardiovascular risk. Hence, we have investigated awareness of cholesterol lowering lifestyle measures and attitudes towards consumption of phytosterol-enriched foods.METHODS: Data from validated questionnaires supplemented by queries on cholesterol lowering and phytosterol-enriched products were analyzed using data of 7223 participants of the Hamburg City Health Study, an ongoing cohort study of the general population aged 45-74 years.RESULTS: 95.9% of the participants agreed that lifestyle may lower cholesterol and 76.6% claimed knowledge of measures that lower plasma cholesterol. As to effective approaches, 80.2% suggested physical activity, 67.8% reducing dietary fat, followed by sugar-sweetened beverages or stress, increasing water consumption, or dietary fiber and only 16.2% stated statins and 9.3% phytosterol-enriched products. Compared to nonusers, the 2.0% female and 2.8% male individuals regularly using phytosterol-enriched products had a lower educational status, higher cardiovascular risk, but no difference in income and were characterized by adverse dietary habits. The study has been registered in ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT03934957).CONCLUSIONS: In the general population awareness of hypercholesterolemia is high but knowledge on how to lower plasma cholesterol does not necessarily follow scientific evidence. There is a trend towards the use of phytosterol-enriched products by individuals at increased cardiovascular risk independent of income.",
keywords = "Cholesterol, Cohort Studies, Female, Food, Fortified, Humans, Male, Phytosterols, Social Status",
author = "Birgit-Christiane Zyriax and Katrin Borof and Sascha Walter and Matthias Augustin and Eberhard Windler",
note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
year = "2022",
month = jan,
doi = "10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.12.004",
language = "English",
volume = "341",
pages = "1--6",
journal = "ATHEROSCLEROSIS",
issn = "0021-9150",
publisher = "Elsevier Ireland Ltd",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Knowledge as to cholesterol reduction and use of phytosterol-enriched dietary foods in the general population: Insights from the Hamburg City Health Study

AU - Zyriax, Birgit-Christiane

AU - Borof, Katrin

AU - Walter, Sascha

AU - Augustin, Matthias

AU - Windler, Eberhard

N1 - Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

PY - 2022/1

Y1 - 2022/1

N2 - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Dietary approaches to lowering cholesterol appear to be common knowledge. However, the marketing of phytosterol-enriched products and their recommendation by guidelines for individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular disease have given rise to concern, since phytosterols may be atherogenic and inappropriately used by healthy individuals of higher social status at low cardiovascular risk. Hence, we have investigated awareness of cholesterol lowering lifestyle measures and attitudes towards consumption of phytosterol-enriched foods.METHODS: Data from validated questionnaires supplemented by queries on cholesterol lowering and phytosterol-enriched products were analyzed using data of 7223 participants of the Hamburg City Health Study, an ongoing cohort study of the general population aged 45-74 years.RESULTS: 95.9% of the participants agreed that lifestyle may lower cholesterol and 76.6% claimed knowledge of measures that lower plasma cholesterol. As to effective approaches, 80.2% suggested physical activity, 67.8% reducing dietary fat, followed by sugar-sweetened beverages or stress, increasing water consumption, or dietary fiber and only 16.2% stated statins and 9.3% phytosterol-enriched products. Compared to nonusers, the 2.0% female and 2.8% male individuals regularly using phytosterol-enriched products had a lower educational status, higher cardiovascular risk, but no difference in income and were characterized by adverse dietary habits. The study has been registered in ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT03934957).CONCLUSIONS: In the general population awareness of hypercholesterolemia is high but knowledge on how to lower plasma cholesterol does not necessarily follow scientific evidence. There is a trend towards the use of phytosterol-enriched products by individuals at increased cardiovascular risk independent of income.

AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Dietary approaches to lowering cholesterol appear to be common knowledge. However, the marketing of phytosterol-enriched products and their recommendation by guidelines for individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular disease have given rise to concern, since phytosterols may be atherogenic and inappropriately used by healthy individuals of higher social status at low cardiovascular risk. Hence, we have investigated awareness of cholesterol lowering lifestyle measures and attitudes towards consumption of phytosterol-enriched foods.METHODS: Data from validated questionnaires supplemented by queries on cholesterol lowering and phytosterol-enriched products were analyzed using data of 7223 participants of the Hamburg City Health Study, an ongoing cohort study of the general population aged 45-74 years.RESULTS: 95.9% of the participants agreed that lifestyle may lower cholesterol and 76.6% claimed knowledge of measures that lower plasma cholesterol. As to effective approaches, 80.2% suggested physical activity, 67.8% reducing dietary fat, followed by sugar-sweetened beverages or stress, increasing water consumption, or dietary fiber and only 16.2% stated statins and 9.3% phytosterol-enriched products. Compared to nonusers, the 2.0% female and 2.8% male individuals regularly using phytosterol-enriched products had a lower educational status, higher cardiovascular risk, but no difference in income and were characterized by adverse dietary habits. The study has been registered in ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT03934957).CONCLUSIONS: In the general population awareness of hypercholesterolemia is high but knowledge on how to lower plasma cholesterol does not necessarily follow scientific evidence. There is a trend towards the use of phytosterol-enriched products by individuals at increased cardiovascular risk independent of income.

KW - Cholesterol

KW - Cohort Studies

KW - Female

KW - Food, Fortified

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Phytosterols

KW - Social Status

U2 - 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.12.004

DO - 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.12.004

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 34922192

VL - 341

SP - 1

EP - 6

JO - ATHEROSCLEROSIS

JF - ATHEROSCLEROSIS

SN - 0021-9150

ER -