Inflammatory markers and cardiovascular risk in the metabolic syndrome
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Inflammatory markers and cardiovascular risk in the metabolic syndrome. / Espinola-Klein, Christine; Gori, Tommaso; Blankenberg, Stefan; Munzel, Thomas.
In: FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK, Vol. 16, 01.01.2011, p. 1663-1674.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Review article › Research
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Inflammatory markers and cardiovascular risk in the metabolic syndrome
AU - Espinola-Klein, Christine
AU - Gori, Tommaso
AU - Blankenberg, Stefan
AU - Munzel, Thomas
PY - 2011/1/1
Y1 - 2011/1/1
N2 - Elevated blood glucose, obesity, high blood pressure, elevated triglycerides and low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are well accepted risk factors in the development of coronary artery disease. Clustering of at least three of these factors in an individual is defined as metabolic syndrome (MetS). Obesity is a central pathological mechanism in the disease and it is expected that the incidence of this condition will increase dramatically within the next years. The visceral adipose tissue is not only an energy depot but also an endocrine organ which produces a large number of bioactive molecules, the so called adipokines. In the setting of obesity, the over-production of proinflammatory and pro-thrombotic adipokines is associated with insulin resistance. This mechanism represents the pathophysiological basis for the development of MetS. Inflammation has a central role in the pathogenesis of MetS and in mediating its impact on the development of cardiovascular disease. Knowledge of these mechanisms has relevance in the context of preventive and therapeutic strategies.
AB - Elevated blood glucose, obesity, high blood pressure, elevated triglycerides and low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are well accepted risk factors in the development of coronary artery disease. Clustering of at least three of these factors in an individual is defined as metabolic syndrome (MetS). Obesity is a central pathological mechanism in the disease and it is expected that the incidence of this condition will increase dramatically within the next years. The visceral adipose tissue is not only an energy depot but also an endocrine organ which produces a large number of bioactive molecules, the so called adipokines. In the setting of obesity, the over-production of proinflammatory and pro-thrombotic adipokines is associated with insulin resistance. This mechanism represents the pathophysiological basis for the development of MetS. Inflammation has a central role in the pathogenesis of MetS and in mediating its impact on the development of cardiovascular disease. Knowledge of these mechanisms has relevance in the context of preventive and therapeutic strategies.
KW - Adiponectin/blood
KW - Adolescent
KW - Adult
KW - Angiotensinogen/blood
KW - Atherosclerosis/blood
KW - Biomarkers/blood
KW - Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology
KW - Chemokine CCL2/blood
KW - Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
KW - Humans
KW - Inflammation/complications
KW - Insulin Resistance
KW - Interleukin-6/blood
KW - Intra-Abdominal Fat/physiopathology
KW - Leptin/blood
KW - Life Style
KW - Metabolic Syndrome/blood
KW - Obesity/complications
KW - Plaque, Atherosclerotic/pathology
KW - Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/blood
KW - Prognosis
KW - Resistin/blood
KW - Risk
KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood
U2 - 10.2741/3812
DO - 10.2741/3812
M3 - SCORING: Review article
C2 - 21196255
VL - 16
SP - 1663
EP - 1674
JO - FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK
JF - FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK
SN - 2768-6701
ER -
