Impact of Hemoglobin A1c Levels on Residual Platelet Reactivity and Outcomes After Insertion of Coronary Drug-Eluting Stents (from the ADAPT-DES Study)
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Impact of Hemoglobin A1c Levels on Residual Platelet Reactivity and Outcomes After Insertion of Coronary Drug-Eluting Stents (from the ADAPT-DES Study). / Schoos, Mikkel M; Dangas, George D; Mehran, Roxana; Kirtane, Ajay J; Yu, Jennifer; Litherland, Claire; Clemmensen, Peter; Stuckey, Thomas D; Witzenbichler, Bernhard; Weisz, Giora; Rinaldi, Michael J; Neumann, Franz-Josef; Metzger, D Christopher; Henry, Timothy D; Cox, David A; Duffy, Peter L; Brodie, Bruce R; Mazzaferri, Ernest L; Maehara, Akiko; Stone, Gregg W.
In: AM J CARDIOL, Vol. 117, No. 2, 15.01.2016, p. 192-200.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of Hemoglobin A1c Levels on Residual Platelet Reactivity and Outcomes After Insertion of Coronary Drug-Eluting Stents (from the ADAPT-DES Study)
AU - Schoos, Mikkel M
AU - Dangas, George D
AU - Mehran, Roxana
AU - Kirtane, Ajay J
AU - Yu, Jennifer
AU - Litherland, Claire
AU - Clemmensen, Peter
AU - Stuckey, Thomas D
AU - Witzenbichler, Bernhard
AU - Weisz, Giora
AU - Rinaldi, Michael J
AU - Neumann, Franz-Josef
AU - Metzger, D Christopher
AU - Henry, Timothy D
AU - Cox, David A
AU - Duffy, Peter L
AU - Brodie, Bruce R
AU - Mazzaferri, Ernest L
AU - Maehara, Akiko
AU - Stone, Gregg W
N1 - Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2016/1/15
Y1 - 2016/1/15
N2 - An increasing hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level portends an adverse cardiovascular prognosis; however, the association between glycemic control, platelet reactivity, and outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) is unknown. We sought to investigate whether HbA1c levels are associated with high platelet reactivity (HPR) in patients loaded with clopidogrel and aspirin, thereby constituting an argument for intensified antiplatelet therapy in patients with poor glycemic control. In the prospective, multicenter Assessment of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy With Drug Eluting Stents registry, HbA1c levels were measured as clinically indicated in 1,145 of 8,582 patients, stratified by HbA1c <6.5% (n = 551, 48.12%), 6.5% to 8.5% (n = 423, 36.9%), and >8.5% (n = 171, 14.9%). HPR on clopidogrel and aspirin was defined after PCI as P2Y12 reaction units (PRU) >208 and aspirin reaction units >550, respectively. HPR on clopidogrel was frequent (48.3%), whereas HPR on aspirin was not (3.9%). Patients with HbA1c >8.5% were younger, more likely non-Caucasian, had a greater body mass index, and more insulin-treated diabetes and acute coronary syndromes. Proportions of PRU >208 (42.5%, 50.2%, and 62.3%, p <0.001) and rates of definite or probable stent thrombosis (ST; 0.9%, 2.7%, and 4.2%, p = 0.02) increased progressively with HbA1c groups. Clinically relevant bleeding was greatest in the intermediate HbA1c group (8.2% vs 13.1% vs 9.5%, p = 0.04). In adjusted models that included PRU, high HbA1c levels (>8.5) remained associated with ST (hazard ratio 3.92, 95% CI 1.29 to 12.66, p = 0.02) and cardiac death (hazard ratio 4.24, 95% CI 1.41 to 12.70) but not bleeding at 2-year follow-up. There was no association between aspirin reaction units >550 and HbA1c levels. In conclusion, in this large-scale study, HbA1c and HPR were positively associated, but the clinical effect on adverse outcome was driven by poor glycemic control, which predicted ST and cardiac death after PCI regardless of PRU levels, warranting efforts to improve glycemic control after DES implantation in patients with diabetes mellitus.
AB - An increasing hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level portends an adverse cardiovascular prognosis; however, the association between glycemic control, platelet reactivity, and outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) is unknown. We sought to investigate whether HbA1c levels are associated with high platelet reactivity (HPR) in patients loaded with clopidogrel and aspirin, thereby constituting an argument for intensified antiplatelet therapy in patients with poor glycemic control. In the prospective, multicenter Assessment of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy With Drug Eluting Stents registry, HbA1c levels were measured as clinically indicated in 1,145 of 8,582 patients, stratified by HbA1c <6.5% (n = 551, 48.12%), 6.5% to 8.5% (n = 423, 36.9%), and >8.5% (n = 171, 14.9%). HPR on clopidogrel and aspirin was defined after PCI as P2Y12 reaction units (PRU) >208 and aspirin reaction units >550, respectively. HPR on clopidogrel was frequent (48.3%), whereas HPR on aspirin was not (3.9%). Patients with HbA1c >8.5% were younger, more likely non-Caucasian, had a greater body mass index, and more insulin-treated diabetes and acute coronary syndromes. Proportions of PRU >208 (42.5%, 50.2%, and 62.3%, p <0.001) and rates of definite or probable stent thrombosis (ST; 0.9%, 2.7%, and 4.2%, p = 0.02) increased progressively with HbA1c groups. Clinically relevant bleeding was greatest in the intermediate HbA1c group (8.2% vs 13.1% vs 9.5%, p = 0.04). In adjusted models that included PRU, high HbA1c levels (>8.5) remained associated with ST (hazard ratio 3.92, 95% CI 1.29 to 12.66, p = 0.02) and cardiac death (hazard ratio 4.24, 95% CI 1.41 to 12.70) but not bleeding at 2-year follow-up. There was no association between aspirin reaction units >550 and HbA1c levels. In conclusion, in this large-scale study, HbA1c and HPR were positively associated, but the clinical effect on adverse outcome was driven by poor glycemic control, which predicted ST and cardiac death after PCI regardless of PRU levels, warranting efforts to improve glycemic control after DES implantation in patients with diabetes mellitus.
KW - Acute Coronary Syndrome/blood
KW - Blood Platelets/drug effects
KW - Clopidogrel
KW - Diabetes Mellitus/blood
KW - Drug-Eluting Stents
KW - Female
KW - Follow-Up Studies
KW - Glycated Hemoglobin A/metabolism
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
KW - Platelet Aggregation/drug effects
KW - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/pharmacology
KW - Prospective Studies
KW - Ticlopidine/analogs & derivatives
U2 - 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.10.037
DO - 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.10.037
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 26639039
VL - 117
SP - 192
EP - 200
JO - AM J CARDIOL
JF - AM J CARDIOL
SN - 0002-9149
IS - 2
ER -