Hyperkalemia: therapeutic options in acute and chronic renal failure.
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Hyperkalemia: therapeutic options in acute and chronic renal failure. / Kemper, Markus J.; Harps, E; Müller-Wiefel, D E.
In: CLIN NEPHROL, Vol. 46, No. 1, 1, 1996, p. 67-69.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Hyperkalemia: therapeutic options in acute and chronic renal failure.
AU - Kemper, Markus J.
AU - Harps, E
AU - Müller-Wiefel, D E
PY - 1996
Y1 - 1996
N2 - Hyperkalemia is a life threatening emergency and warrants immediate treatment because of its deleterious cardiac consequences. Initial measures in mild cases include restriction and binding of dietary potassium, correction of metabolic acidosis and increasing urinary excretion by furosemide. In moderate and severe hyperkalemia infusion of glucose with insulin has been regarded as the standard medical treatment so far. However, recently also the beta 2 stimulatory drug salbutamol has been shown to be an effective agent to treat hyperkalemia by inducing a shift of potassium into the intracellular compartment. We treated 15 pediatric patients of different age groups (mean age 5.16, range 0.1-16 years) suffering from acute hyperkalemia (mean level 6.6, range 5.9-7.7 mmol/l) by means of a single infusion of salbutamol (5 micrograms/kg over 15 minutes). Serum potassium concentrations decreased significantly to 5.74 +/- 0.53 after 30 minutes and furthermore to 5.19 +/- 0.48 and to 4.92 +/- 0.53 mmol/l after 60 and 120 minutes, respectively (p < 0.001 at all stages compared to pre-treatment). Since no side effects occurred besides a slight increase of heart rate in 3 patients, we conclude that short-term intravenous salbutamol infusion is an effective, rapid, safe and predictable way to treat children of any age suffering from acute hyperkalemia and therefore has become the first line treatment in our center.
AB - Hyperkalemia is a life threatening emergency and warrants immediate treatment because of its deleterious cardiac consequences. Initial measures in mild cases include restriction and binding of dietary potassium, correction of metabolic acidosis and increasing urinary excretion by furosemide. In moderate and severe hyperkalemia infusion of glucose with insulin has been regarded as the standard medical treatment so far. However, recently also the beta 2 stimulatory drug salbutamol has been shown to be an effective agent to treat hyperkalemia by inducing a shift of potassium into the intracellular compartment. We treated 15 pediatric patients of different age groups (mean age 5.16, range 0.1-16 years) suffering from acute hyperkalemia (mean level 6.6, range 5.9-7.7 mmol/l) by means of a single infusion of salbutamol (5 micrograms/kg over 15 minutes). Serum potassium concentrations decreased significantly to 5.74 +/- 0.53 after 30 minutes and furthermore to 5.19 +/- 0.48 and to 4.92 +/- 0.53 mmol/l after 60 and 120 minutes, respectively (p < 0.001 at all stages compared to pre-treatment). Since no side effects occurred besides a slight increase of heart rate in 3 patients, we conclude that short-term intravenous salbutamol infusion is an effective, rapid, safe and predictable way to treat children of any age suffering from acute hyperkalemia and therefore has become the first line treatment in our center.
KW - Humans
KW - Adolescent
KW - Treatment Outcome
KW - Child
KW - Child, Preschool
KW - Infant
KW - Infant, Newborn
KW - Acute Disease
KW - Infusions, Intravenous
KW - Acute Kidney Injury/blood/complications/drug therapy
KW - Adrenergic beta-Agonists/therapeutic use
KW - Albuterol/therapeutic use
KW - Hyperkalemia/blood/drug therapy/etiology
KW - Kidney Failure, Chronic/blood/complications/drug therapy
KW - Potassium/blood
KW - Humans
KW - Adolescent
KW - Treatment Outcome
KW - Child
KW - Child, Preschool
KW - Infant
KW - Infant, Newborn
KW - Acute Disease
KW - Infusions, Intravenous
KW - Acute Kidney Injury/blood/complications/drug therapy
KW - Adrenergic beta-Agonists/therapeutic use
KW - Albuterol/therapeutic use
KW - Hyperkalemia/blood/drug therapy/etiology
KW - Kidney Failure, Chronic/blood/complications/drug therapy
KW - Potassium/blood
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
VL - 46
SP - 67
EP - 69
JO - CLIN NEPHROL
JF - CLIN NEPHROL
SN - 0301-0430
IS - 1
M1 - 1
ER -
