Generalized arterial calcification of infancy and pseudoxanthoma elasticum can be caused by mutations in either ENPP1 or ABCC6
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Generalized arterial calcification of infancy and pseudoxanthoma elasticum can be caused by mutations in either ENPP1 or ABCC6. / Nitschke, Yvonne; Baujat, Geneviève; Botschen, Ulrike; Wittkampf, Tanja; du Moulin, Marcel; Stella, Jacqueline; Le Merrer, Martine; Guest, Geneviève; Lambot, Karen; Tazarourte-Pinturier, Marie-Frederique; Chassaing, Nicolas; Roche, Olivier; Feenstra, Ilse; Loechner, Karen; Deshpande, Charu; Garber, Samuel J; Chikarmane, Rashmi; Steinmann, Beat; Shahinyan, Tatevik; Martorell, Loreto; Davies, Justin; Smith, Wendy E; Kahler, Stephen G; McCulloch, Mignon; Wraige, Elizabeth; Loidi, Lourdes; Höhne, Wolfgang; Martin, Ludovic; Hadj-Rabia, Smaïl; Terkeltaub, Robert; Rutsch, Frank.
In: AM J HUM GENET, Vol. 90, No. 1, 13.01.2012, p. 25-39.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Generalized arterial calcification of infancy and pseudoxanthoma elasticum can be caused by mutations in either ENPP1 or ABCC6
AU - Nitschke, Yvonne
AU - Baujat, Geneviève
AU - Botschen, Ulrike
AU - Wittkampf, Tanja
AU - du Moulin, Marcel
AU - Stella, Jacqueline
AU - Le Merrer, Martine
AU - Guest, Geneviève
AU - Lambot, Karen
AU - Tazarourte-Pinturier, Marie-Frederique
AU - Chassaing, Nicolas
AU - Roche, Olivier
AU - Feenstra, Ilse
AU - Loechner, Karen
AU - Deshpande, Charu
AU - Garber, Samuel J
AU - Chikarmane, Rashmi
AU - Steinmann, Beat
AU - Shahinyan, Tatevik
AU - Martorell, Loreto
AU - Davies, Justin
AU - Smith, Wendy E
AU - Kahler, Stephen G
AU - McCulloch, Mignon
AU - Wraige, Elizabeth
AU - Loidi, Lourdes
AU - Höhne, Wolfgang
AU - Martin, Ludovic
AU - Hadj-Rabia, Smaïl
AU - Terkeltaub, Robert
AU - Rutsch, Frank
N1 - Copyright © 2012 The American Society of Human Genetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2012/1/13
Y1 - 2012/1/13
N2 - Spontaneous pathologic arterial calcifications in childhood can occur in generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) or in pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). GACI is associated with biallelic mutations in ENPP1 in the majority of cases, whereas mutations in ABCC6 are known to cause PXE. However, the genetic basis in subsets of both disease phenotypes remains elusive. We hypothesized that GACI and PXE are in a closely related spectrum of disease. We used a standardized questionnaire to retrospectively evaluate the phenotype of 92 probands with a clinical history of GACI. We obtained the ENPP1 genotype by conventional sequencing. In those patients with less than two disease-causing ENPP1 mutations, we sequenced ABCC6. We observed that three GACI patients who carried biallelic ENPP1 mutations developed typical signs of PXE between 5 and 8 years of age; these signs included angioid streaks and pseudoxanthomatous skin lesions. In 28 patients, no disease-causing ENPP1 mutation was found. In 14 of these patients, we detected pathogenic ABCC6 mutations (biallelic mutations in eight patients, monoallelic mutations in six patients). Thus, ABCC6 mutations account for a significant subset of GACI patients, and ENPP1 mutations can also be associated with PXE lesions in school-aged children. Based on the considerable overlap of genotype and phenotype of GACI and PXE, both entities appear to reflect two ends of a clinical spectrum of ectopic calcification and other organ pathologies, rather than two distinct disorders. ABCC6 and ENPP1 mutations might lead to alterations of the same physiological pathways in tissues beyond the artery.
AB - Spontaneous pathologic arterial calcifications in childhood can occur in generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) or in pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). GACI is associated with biallelic mutations in ENPP1 in the majority of cases, whereas mutations in ABCC6 are known to cause PXE. However, the genetic basis in subsets of both disease phenotypes remains elusive. We hypothesized that GACI and PXE are in a closely related spectrum of disease. We used a standardized questionnaire to retrospectively evaluate the phenotype of 92 probands with a clinical history of GACI. We obtained the ENPP1 genotype by conventional sequencing. In those patients with less than two disease-causing ENPP1 mutations, we sequenced ABCC6. We observed that three GACI patients who carried biallelic ENPP1 mutations developed typical signs of PXE between 5 and 8 years of age; these signs included angioid streaks and pseudoxanthomatous skin lesions. In 28 patients, no disease-causing ENPP1 mutation was found. In 14 of these patients, we detected pathogenic ABCC6 mutations (biallelic mutations in eight patients, monoallelic mutations in six patients). Thus, ABCC6 mutations account for a significant subset of GACI patients, and ENPP1 mutations can also be associated with PXE lesions in school-aged children. Based on the considerable overlap of genotype and phenotype of GACI and PXE, both entities appear to reflect two ends of a clinical spectrum of ectopic calcification and other organ pathologies, rather than two distinct disorders. ABCC6 and ENPP1 mutations might lead to alterations of the same physiological pathways in tissues beyond the artery.
KW - Angioid Streaks
KW - Base Sequence
KW - Child
KW - Child, Preschool
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Infant
KW - Male
KW - Molecular Sequence Data
KW - Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins
KW - Mutation
KW - Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases
KW - Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum
KW - Pyrophosphatases
KW - Retrospective Studies
KW - Surveys and Questionnaires
KW - Vascular Calcification
KW - Journal Article
KW - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
KW - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
U2 - 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.11.020
DO - 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.11.020
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 22209248
VL - 90
SP - 25
EP - 39
JO - AM J HUM GENET
JF - AM J HUM GENET
SN - 0002-9297
IS - 1
ER -