Fetal Cardiovascular MRI - A Systemic Review of the Literature
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Fetal Cardiovascular MRI - A Systemic Review of the Literature : Challenges, New Technical Developments, and Perspectives. / Knapp, Janine; Tavares de Sousa, Manuela; Schönnagel, Björn P.
In: ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG, Vol. 194, No. 8, 08.2022, p. 841-851.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Review article › Research
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Fetal Cardiovascular MRI - A Systemic Review of the Literature
T2 - Challenges, New Technical Developments, and Perspectives
AU - Knapp, Janine
AU - Tavares de Sousa, Manuela
AU - Schönnagel, Björn P
N1 - Thieme. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - BACKGROUND: Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a valuable adjunct to ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of congenital pathologies of the central nervous system, thorax, and abdomen. Fetal cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) was limited, mainly by the lack of cardiac gating, and has only recently evolved due to technical developments.METHOD: A literature search was performed on PubMed, focusing on technical advancements to perform fetal CMR. In total, 20 publications on cardiac gating techniques in the human fetus were analyzed.RESULTS: Fetal MRI is a safe imaging method with no developmental impairments found to be associated with in utero exposure to MRI. Fetal CMR is challenging due to general drawbacks (e. g., fetal motion) and specific limitations such as the difficulty to generate a cardiac gating signal to achieve high spatiotemporal resolution. Promising technical advancements include new methods for fetal cardiac gating, based on novel post-processing approaches and an external hardware device, as well as motion compensation and acceleration techniques.CONCLUSION: Newly developed direct and indirect gating approaches were successfully applied to achieve high-quality morphologic and functional imaging as well as quantitative assessment of fetal hemodynamics in research settings. In cases when prenatal echocardiography is limited, e. g., by an unfavorable fetal position in utero, or when its results are inconclusive, fetal CMR could potentially serve as a valuable adjunct in the prenatal assessment of congenital cardiovascular malformations. However, sufficient data on the diagnostic performance and clinical benefit of new fetal CMR techniques is still lacking.KEY POINTS: · New fetal cardiac gating methods allow high-quality fetal CMR.. · Motion compensation and acceleration techniques allow for improvement of image quality.. · Fetal CMR could potentially serve as an adjunct to fetal echocardiography in the future..CITATION FORMAT: · Knapp J, Tavares de Sousa M, Schönnagel BP. Fetal Cardiovascular MRI - A Systemic Review of the Literature: Challenges, New Technical Developments, and Perspectives. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2022; 194: 841 - 851.
AB - BACKGROUND: Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a valuable adjunct to ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of congenital pathologies of the central nervous system, thorax, and abdomen. Fetal cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) was limited, mainly by the lack of cardiac gating, and has only recently evolved due to technical developments.METHOD: A literature search was performed on PubMed, focusing on technical advancements to perform fetal CMR. In total, 20 publications on cardiac gating techniques in the human fetus were analyzed.RESULTS: Fetal MRI is a safe imaging method with no developmental impairments found to be associated with in utero exposure to MRI. Fetal CMR is challenging due to general drawbacks (e. g., fetal motion) and specific limitations such as the difficulty to generate a cardiac gating signal to achieve high spatiotemporal resolution. Promising technical advancements include new methods for fetal cardiac gating, based on novel post-processing approaches and an external hardware device, as well as motion compensation and acceleration techniques.CONCLUSION: Newly developed direct and indirect gating approaches were successfully applied to achieve high-quality morphologic and functional imaging as well as quantitative assessment of fetal hemodynamics in research settings. In cases when prenatal echocardiography is limited, e. g., by an unfavorable fetal position in utero, or when its results are inconclusive, fetal CMR could potentially serve as a valuable adjunct in the prenatal assessment of congenital cardiovascular malformations. However, sufficient data on the diagnostic performance and clinical benefit of new fetal CMR techniques is still lacking.KEY POINTS: · New fetal cardiac gating methods allow high-quality fetal CMR.. · Motion compensation and acceleration techniques allow for improvement of image quality.. · Fetal CMR could potentially serve as an adjunct to fetal echocardiography in the future..CITATION FORMAT: · Knapp J, Tavares de Sousa M, Schönnagel BP. Fetal Cardiovascular MRI - A Systemic Review of the Literature: Challenges, New Technical Developments, and Perspectives. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2022; 194: 841 - 851.
KW - Cardiovascular Abnormalities/diagnostic imaging
KW - Female
KW - Fetal Heart/diagnostic imaging
KW - Humans
KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
KW - Pregnancy
KW - Prenatal Diagnosis/methods
U2 - 10.1055/a-1761-3500
DO - 10.1055/a-1761-3500
M3 - SCORING: Review article
C2 - 35905903
VL - 194
SP - 841
EP - 851
JO - ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG
JF - ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG
SN - 1438-9029
IS - 8
ER -