Effects of multiple pro-inflammatory stimuli in utero on the ileum of extremely premature ovine fetuses
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Effects of multiple pro-inflammatory stimuli in utero on the ileum of extremely premature ovine fetuses. / Heiter, Julia; Kemp, Matthew W; Spiller, Owen B; Singer, Dominique; Newnham, John P; Kallapur, Suhas G; Jobe, Alan H; Kramer, Boris W.
In: FRONT IMMUNOL, Vol. 14, 2023, p. 1150208.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of multiple pro-inflammatory stimuli in utero on the ileum of extremely premature ovine fetuses
AU - Heiter, Julia
AU - Kemp, Matthew W
AU - Spiller, Owen B
AU - Singer, Dominique
AU - Newnham, John P
AU - Kallapur, Suhas G
AU - Jobe, Alan H
AU - Kramer, Boris W
N1 - Copyright © 2023 Heiter, Kemp, Spiller, Singer, Newnham, Kallapur, Jobe and Kramer.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - INTRODUCTION: Chorioamnionitis is common in preterm birth and associated with a higher risk of intestinal inflammation and necrotizing enterocolitis. The intestinal inflammation influences the enteric nervous system development. We hypothesized that inflammation and innervation in the fetal ileum may be modified by chorioamnionitis induced by repeated challenge with lipopolysaccharide and/or preexisting Ureaplasma parvum infection at very low gestational age equivalent to 60% of term.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Time mated ovine fetuses were exposed by intraamniotic injections to chronic Ureaplasma parvum for 24 days and/or lipopolysaccharide for 7 days, 2 days, or 7 & 2 days before delivery at 94 +/-2 days of gestational age (term at approximately 150 days). Intestinal inflammation as well as structural changes of the enteric nervous system were assessed.RESULTS: Lipopolysaccharide exposure increased CD3 and myeloperoxidase-positive cells (p < 0.05). Repetitive exposure to lipopolysaccharide or combined Ureaplasma parvum & lipopolysaccharide exposure increased intestinal inflammation (p < 0.05). The reduction of nuclei of neurons was most significant with repetitive lipopolysaccharide exposures but could be detected in all other intervention groups compared to the control group. Astrocyte-like glial cells increased if exposure to lipopolysaccharide was only 2 days before delivery or chronic exposure to Ureaplasma parvum existed beforehand (p < 0.05).DISCUSSION: After exposure to chorioamnionitis induced by Ureaplasma parvum and/or lipopolysaccharide, inflammatory responses as well as structural changes of the enteric nervous system were more pronounced the longer and the more frequent the exposure to pro-inflammatory stimuli before birth. These changes may cause functional effects of clinical importance.
AB - INTRODUCTION: Chorioamnionitis is common in preterm birth and associated with a higher risk of intestinal inflammation and necrotizing enterocolitis. The intestinal inflammation influences the enteric nervous system development. We hypothesized that inflammation and innervation in the fetal ileum may be modified by chorioamnionitis induced by repeated challenge with lipopolysaccharide and/or preexisting Ureaplasma parvum infection at very low gestational age equivalent to 60% of term.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Time mated ovine fetuses were exposed by intraamniotic injections to chronic Ureaplasma parvum for 24 days and/or lipopolysaccharide for 7 days, 2 days, or 7 & 2 days before delivery at 94 +/-2 days of gestational age (term at approximately 150 days). Intestinal inflammation as well as structural changes of the enteric nervous system were assessed.RESULTS: Lipopolysaccharide exposure increased CD3 and myeloperoxidase-positive cells (p < 0.05). Repetitive exposure to lipopolysaccharide or combined Ureaplasma parvum & lipopolysaccharide exposure increased intestinal inflammation (p < 0.05). The reduction of nuclei of neurons was most significant with repetitive lipopolysaccharide exposures but could be detected in all other intervention groups compared to the control group. Astrocyte-like glial cells increased if exposure to lipopolysaccharide was only 2 days before delivery or chronic exposure to Ureaplasma parvum existed beforehand (p < 0.05).DISCUSSION: After exposure to chorioamnionitis induced by Ureaplasma parvum and/or lipopolysaccharide, inflammatory responses as well as structural changes of the enteric nervous system were more pronounced the longer and the more frequent the exposure to pro-inflammatory stimuli before birth. These changes may cause functional effects of clinical importance.
KW - Pregnancy
KW - Female
KW - Sheep
KW - Animals
KW - Infant, Newborn
KW - Humans
KW - Infant
KW - Chorioamnionitis/chemically induced
KW - Premature Birth
KW - Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
KW - Sheep, Domestic
KW - Fetus
KW - Inflammation
U2 - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150208
DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150208
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 37275869
VL - 14
SP - 1150208
JO - FRONT IMMUNOL
JF - FRONT IMMUNOL
SN - 1664-3224
ER -