Differences in impact of current and former shift work on cardiovascular risk factors, carotid atherosclerosis, and white matter integrity

TY - JOUR

T1 - Differences in impact of current and former shift work on cardiovascular risk factors, carotid atherosclerosis, and white matter integrity

AU - Rimmele, David Leander

AU - Petersen, Elina L

AU - Affolderbach, Sarah

AU - Petersen, Marvin

AU - Cheng, Bastian

AU - Mayer, Carola

AU - Nägele, Felix Leonard

AU - Harth, Volker

AU - Terschüren, Claudia

AU - Kühn, Simone

AU - Zeller, Tanja

AU - Gerloff, Christian

AU - Thomalla, Götz

N1 - © The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Sleep Research Society.

PY - 2024

Y1 - 2024

N2 - STUDY OBJECTIVES: The association of shift work (SW) and disrupted circadian rhythm with markers of large artery atherosclerosis and cerebral small vessel disease is uncertain. We aimed to study the separate association of current and former SW with these markers.METHODS: We included participants from the population-based Hamburg City Health Study. SW was defined by monthly working hours between 06:00 pm and 07:00 am containing night shifts for at least 12 months. Cross-sectional data were obtained from structured questionnaires, laboratory analyses, physical examinations, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and carotid ultrasound. We performed multivariable regression analysis with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and peak-width skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) as dependent variables.RESULTS: Three hundred and forty-four current, 238 former, and 7162 never-shift workers were included. The median age was 60 years for both current and former shift workers, and total duration of SW was comparable for the two groups. Current shift workers were less frequently female (27.3% vs. 44.5%; p  < .001), had more frequent hyperlipidemia (31.5% vs. 22.3%; p  = .024), and diabetes (16.2% vs. 3.2%; p  < .001). After adjustment for age and sex, reduced quality of sleep (β = 1.61, p  = .001) and low education (β = 2.63, p  < .001) were associated with current but not former SW. Adjusted for age and sex, the current SW was associated with higher CIMT (β = 0.02, p  = .001) and PSMD (β = 9.06e-06, p  = .006), whereas former SW was not. Adjusted for risk factors, current SW remained associated with PSMD (β = 9.91e-06, p  = .006) but not with CIMT. CONCLUSIONS: Current SW was associated with CIMT and with PSMD, with the latter association remaining after adjustment for risk factors. Former SW showed no associations with CIMT or PSMD. This may indicate that current SW is linked with increased neurovascular risk through disrupted circadian rhythms.TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION: The trial was submitted at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, under NCT03934957 on January 4, 2019. The first participant was enrolled in February 2016.

AB - STUDY OBJECTIVES: The association of shift work (SW) and disrupted circadian rhythm with markers of large artery atherosclerosis and cerebral small vessel disease is uncertain. We aimed to study the separate association of current and former SW with these markers.METHODS: We included participants from the population-based Hamburg City Health Study. SW was defined by monthly working hours between 06:00 pm and 07:00 am containing night shifts for at least 12 months. Cross-sectional data were obtained from structured questionnaires, laboratory analyses, physical examinations, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and carotid ultrasound. We performed multivariable regression analysis with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and peak-width skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) as dependent variables.RESULTS: Three hundred and forty-four current, 238 former, and 7162 never-shift workers were included. The median age was 60 years for both current and former shift workers, and total duration of SW was comparable for the two groups. Current shift workers were less frequently female (27.3% vs. 44.5%; p  < .001), had more frequent hyperlipidemia (31.5% vs. 22.3%; p  = .024), and diabetes (16.2% vs. 3.2%; p  < .001). After adjustment for age and sex, reduced quality of sleep (β = 1.61, p  = .001) and low education (β = 2.63, p  < .001) were associated with current but not former SW. Adjusted for age and sex, the current SW was associated with higher CIMT (β = 0.02, p  = .001) and PSMD (β = 9.06e-06, p  = .006), whereas former SW was not. Adjusted for risk factors, current SW remained associated with PSMD (β = 9.91e-06, p  = .006) but not with CIMT. CONCLUSIONS: Current SW was associated with CIMT and with PSMD, with the latter association remaining after adjustment for risk factors. Former SW showed no associations with CIMT or PSMD. This may indicate that current SW is linked with increased neurovascular risk through disrupted circadian rhythms.TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION: The trial was submitted at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, under NCT03934957 on January 4, 2019. The first participant was enrolled in February 2016.

U2 - 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae056

DO - 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae056

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 39156216

VL - 5

SP - zpae056

JO - Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society

JF - Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society

SN - 2632-5012

IS - 1

ER -