Das thorakale Aortenaneurysma – Diagnostik und Behandlungsstrategien

TY - JOUR

T1 - Das thorakale Aortenaneurysma – Diagnostik und Behandlungsstrategien

AU - Fiorucci, Beatrice

AU - Banafsche, Ramin

AU - Jerkku, Thomas

AU - Pichlmaier, Maximilian

AU - Kölbel, Tilo

AU - Rantner, Barbara

AU - Tsilimparis, Nikolaos

N1 - © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

PY - 2019/2

Y1 - 2019/2

N2 - Thoracic aortic aneurysms are a relatively uncommon disease, with an incidence of 10.4/100 000, with an increase in the last decades, due to the increased quality of vascular screening. Several imaging techniques like thoracic radiography, echocardiography, magnetic resonance (MRI) or positron emission tomography (PET) can be used for the diagnosis of such condition, whose first diagnosis is usually incidental. The gold standard for aneurysm evaluation is computed tomography angiography (CTA), which allows precise diameter assessment and accurate preoperative planning. Advancements in imaging techniques, through electrocardiography (ECG)-gated CTA, permit to avoid movement artifacts and have a more precise definition of proximal aortic segments (aortic arch, ascending aorta).The urgent or emergent treatment of thoracic aneurysms is indicated in symptomatic patients and in case of rupture, respectively. The current European Society for Vascular Surgery guidelines recommend the elective treatment of thoracic aneurysms with a diameter > 55 mm, since diameters of 55 - 60 mm are associated with a rupture risk of 10 %/year. Lower perioperative morbidity and mortality rates have been demonstrated for endovascular repair in comparison with open surgery. According to the current guidelines, the treatment of choice is endovascular, through the implantation of an aortic stent graft (thoracic endovascular aortic repair, TEVAR), while open surgery is reserved to young patients, fit for open surgery. Hybrid procedures, introduced in 2000, include the debranching of supra aortic vessels and TEVAR and are a well established procedure for the treatment of aneurysms involving the aortic arch. The increasing research and expertise in endovascular surgery lead to the development of complex procedures, like chimney TEVAR, fenestrated and branched TEVAR which allowed to reach proximal landing zone to the ascending aorta.

AB - Thoracic aortic aneurysms are a relatively uncommon disease, with an incidence of 10.4/100 000, with an increase in the last decades, due to the increased quality of vascular screening. Several imaging techniques like thoracic radiography, echocardiography, magnetic resonance (MRI) or positron emission tomography (PET) can be used for the diagnosis of such condition, whose first diagnosis is usually incidental. The gold standard for aneurysm evaluation is computed tomography angiography (CTA), which allows precise diameter assessment and accurate preoperative planning. Advancements in imaging techniques, through electrocardiography (ECG)-gated CTA, permit to avoid movement artifacts and have a more precise definition of proximal aortic segments (aortic arch, ascending aorta).The urgent or emergent treatment of thoracic aneurysms is indicated in symptomatic patients and in case of rupture, respectively. The current European Society for Vascular Surgery guidelines recommend the elective treatment of thoracic aneurysms with a diameter > 55 mm, since diameters of 55 - 60 mm are associated with a rupture risk of 10 %/year. Lower perioperative morbidity and mortality rates have been demonstrated for endovascular repair in comparison with open surgery. According to the current guidelines, the treatment of choice is endovascular, through the implantation of an aortic stent graft (thoracic endovascular aortic repair, TEVAR), while open surgery is reserved to young patients, fit for open surgery. Hybrid procedures, introduced in 2000, include the debranching of supra aortic vessels and TEVAR and are a well established procedure for the treatment of aneurysms involving the aortic arch. The increasing research and expertise in endovascular surgery lead to the development of complex procedures, like chimney TEVAR, fenestrated and branched TEVAR which allowed to reach proximal landing zone to the ascending aorta.

KW - Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/diagnosis

KW - Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation

KW - Computed Tomography Angiography

KW - Humans

U2 - 10.1055/a-0648-0207

DO - 10.1055/a-0648-0207

M3 - SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz

C2 - 30703830

VL - 144

SP - 146

EP - 151

JO - DEUT MED WOCHENSCHR

JF - DEUT MED WOCHENSCHR

SN - 0012-0472

IS - 3

ER -