Complement and endothelial cell activation in COVID-19 patients compared to controls with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective cohort study
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Complement and endothelial cell activation in COVID-19 patients compared to controls with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective cohort study. / Bruni, Flavio; Charitos, Panteleimon; Lampart, Maurin; Moser, Stephan; Siegemund, Martin; Bingisser, Roland; Osswald, Stefan; Bassetti, Stefano; Twerenbold, Raphael; Trendelenburg, Marten; Rentsch, Katharina M; Osthoff, Michael.
In: FRONT IMMUNOL, Vol. 13, 941742, 2022.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Complement and endothelial cell activation in COVID-19 patients compared to controls with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection: A prospective cohort study
AU - Bruni, Flavio
AU - Charitos, Panteleimon
AU - Lampart, Maurin
AU - Moser, Stephan
AU - Siegemund, Martin
AU - Bingisser, Roland
AU - Osswald, Stefan
AU - Bassetti, Stefano
AU - Twerenbold, Raphael
AU - Trendelenburg, Marten
AU - Rentsch, Katharina M
AU - Osthoff, Michael
N1 - Copyright © 2022 Bruni, Charitos, Lampart, Moser, Siegemund, Bingisser, Osswald, Bassetti, Twerenbold, Trendelenburg, Rentsch and Osthoff.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - BACKGROUND: Thromboinflammation may influence disease outcome in COVID-19. We aimed to evaluate complement and endothelial cell activation in patients with confirmed COVID-19 compared to controls with clinically suspected but excluded SARS-CoV-2 infection.METHODS: In a prospective, observational, single-center study, patients presenting with clinically suspected COVID-19 were recruited in the emergency department. Blood samples on presentation were obtained for analysis of C5a, sC5b-9, E-selectin, Galectin-3, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1.RESULTS: 153 cases and 166 controls (suffering mainly from non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viral infections, non-infectious inflammatory conditions and bacterial pneumonia) were included. Hospital admission occurred in 62% and 45% of cases and controls, respectively. C5a and VCAM-1 concentrations were significantly elevated and E-selectin concentrations decreased in COVID-19 out- and inpatients compared to the respective controls. However, relative differences in outpatients vs. inpatients in most biomarkers were comparable between cases and controls. Elevated concentrations of C5a, Galectin-3, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on presentation were associated with the composite outcome of ICU- admission or 30-day mortality in COVID-19 and controls, yet more pronounced in COVID-19. C5a and sC5b-9 concentrations were significantly higher in COVID-19 males vs. females, which was not observed in the control group.CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate an activation of the complement cascade and endothelium in COVID-19 beyond a nonspecific inflammatory trigger as observed in controls (i.e., "over"-activation).
AB - BACKGROUND: Thromboinflammation may influence disease outcome in COVID-19. We aimed to evaluate complement and endothelial cell activation in patients with confirmed COVID-19 compared to controls with clinically suspected but excluded SARS-CoV-2 infection.METHODS: In a prospective, observational, single-center study, patients presenting with clinically suspected COVID-19 were recruited in the emergency department. Blood samples on presentation were obtained for analysis of C5a, sC5b-9, E-selectin, Galectin-3, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1.RESULTS: 153 cases and 166 controls (suffering mainly from non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viral infections, non-infectious inflammatory conditions and bacterial pneumonia) were included. Hospital admission occurred in 62% and 45% of cases and controls, respectively. C5a and VCAM-1 concentrations were significantly elevated and E-selectin concentrations decreased in COVID-19 out- and inpatients compared to the respective controls. However, relative differences in outpatients vs. inpatients in most biomarkers were comparable between cases and controls. Elevated concentrations of C5a, Galectin-3, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on presentation were associated with the composite outcome of ICU- admission or 30-day mortality in COVID-19 and controls, yet more pronounced in COVID-19. C5a and sC5b-9 concentrations were significantly higher in COVID-19 males vs. females, which was not observed in the control group.CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate an activation of the complement cascade and endothelium in COVID-19 beyond a nonspecific inflammatory trigger as observed in controls (i.e., "over"-activation).
KW - Biomarkers
KW - COVID-19
KW - Complement System Proteins
KW - E-Selectin
KW - Endothelial Cells
KW - Female
KW - Galectin 3
KW - Humans
KW - Inflammation
KW - Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
KW - Male
KW - Prospective Studies
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - Thrombosis
KW - Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
U2 - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.941742
DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.941742
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 36203596
VL - 13
JO - FRONT IMMUNOL
JF - FRONT IMMUNOL
SN - 1664-3224
M1 - 941742
ER -
