Characterization of the metabolic profile associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D: a cross-sectional analysis in population-based data

TY - JOUR

T1 - Characterization of the metabolic profile associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D: a cross-sectional analysis in population-based data

AU - Vogt, Susanne

AU - Wahl, Simone

AU - Kettunen, Johannes

AU - Breitner, Susanne

AU - Kastenmüller, Gabi

AU - Gieger, Christian

AU - Suhre, Karsten

AU - Waldenberger, Melanie

AU - Kratzsch, Jürgen

AU - Perola, Markus

AU - Salomaa, Veikko

AU - Blankenberg, Stefan

AU - Zeller, Tanja

AU - Soininen, Pasi

AU - Kangas, Antti J

AU - Peters, Annette

AU - Grallert, Harald

AU - Ala-Korpela, Mika

AU - Thorand, Barbara

N1 - © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association.

PY - 2016/10

Y1 - 2016/10

N2 - BACKGROUND: Numerous observational studies have observed associations between vitamin D deficiency and cardiometabolic diseases, but these findings might be confounded by obesity. A characterization of the metabolic profile associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, in general and stratified by abdominal obesity, may help to untangle the relationship between vitamin D, obesity and cardiometabolic health.METHODS: Serum metabolomics measurements were obtained from a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR)- and a mass spectrometry (MS)-based platform. The discovery was conducted in 1726 participants of the population-based KORA-F4 study, in which the associations of the concentrations of 415 metabolites with 25(OH)D levels were assessed in linear models. The results were replicated in 6759 participants (NMR) and 609 (MS) participants, respectively, of the population-based FINRISK 1997 study.RESULTS: Mean [standard deviation (SD)] 25(OH)D levels were 15.2 (7.5) ng/ml in KORA F4 and 13.8 (5.9) ng/ml in FINRISK 1997; 37 metabolites were associated with 25(OH)D in KORA F4 at P < 0.05/415. Of these, 30 associations were replicated in FINRISK 1997 at P < 0.05/37. Among these were constituents of (very) large very-low-density lipoprotein and small low-density lipoprotein subclasses and related measures like serum triglycerides as well as fatty acids and measures reflecting the degree of fatty acid saturation. The observed associations were independent of waist circumference and generally similar in abdominally obese and non-obese participants.CONCLUSIONS: Independently of abdominal obesity, higher 25(OH)D levels were associated with a metabolite profile characterized by lower concentrations of atherogenic lipids and a higher degree of fatty acid polyunsaturation. These results indicate that the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and cardiometabolic diseases is unlikely to merely reflect obesity-related pathomechanisms.

AB - BACKGROUND: Numerous observational studies have observed associations between vitamin D deficiency and cardiometabolic diseases, but these findings might be confounded by obesity. A characterization of the metabolic profile associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, in general and stratified by abdominal obesity, may help to untangle the relationship between vitamin D, obesity and cardiometabolic health.METHODS: Serum metabolomics measurements were obtained from a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR)- and a mass spectrometry (MS)-based platform. The discovery was conducted in 1726 participants of the population-based KORA-F4 study, in which the associations of the concentrations of 415 metabolites with 25(OH)D levels were assessed in linear models. The results were replicated in 6759 participants (NMR) and 609 (MS) participants, respectively, of the population-based FINRISK 1997 study.RESULTS: Mean [standard deviation (SD)] 25(OH)D levels were 15.2 (7.5) ng/ml in KORA F4 and 13.8 (5.9) ng/ml in FINRISK 1997; 37 metabolites were associated with 25(OH)D in KORA F4 at P < 0.05/415. Of these, 30 associations were replicated in FINRISK 1997 at P < 0.05/37. Among these were constituents of (very) large very-low-density lipoprotein and small low-density lipoprotein subclasses and related measures like serum triglycerides as well as fatty acids and measures reflecting the degree of fatty acid saturation. The observed associations were independent of waist circumference and generally similar in abdominally obese and non-obese participants.CONCLUSIONS: Independently of abdominal obesity, higher 25(OH)D levels were associated with a metabolite profile characterized by lower concentrations of atherogenic lipids and a higher degree of fatty acid polyunsaturation. These results indicate that the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and cardiometabolic diseases is unlikely to merely reflect obesity-related pathomechanisms.

KW - Adult

KW - Aged

KW - Aged, 80 and over

KW - Body Mass Index

KW - Cross-Sectional Studies

KW - Fatty Acids/blood

KW - Female

KW - Germany

KW - Humans

KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

KW - Male

KW - Mass Spectrometry

KW - Metabolome

KW - Metabolomics

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Obesity, Abdominal/blood

KW - Regression Analysis

KW - Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives

KW - Waist Circumference

U2 - 10.1093/ije/dyw222

DO - 10.1093/ije/dyw222

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 27605587

VL - 45

SP - 1469

EP - 1481

JO - INT J EPIDEMIOL

JF - INT J EPIDEMIOL

SN - 0300-5771

IS - 5

ER -