Basic Aspects of T Helper Cell Differentiation
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Basic Aspects of T Helper Cell Differentiation. / Gagliani, Nicola; Huber, Samuel.
In: Methods Mol Biol, Vol. 1514, 2017, p. 19-30.Research output: SCORING: Contribution to journal › SCORING: Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Basic Aspects of T Helper Cell Differentiation
AU - Gagliani, Nicola
AU - Huber, Samuel
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - CD4+ T helper cells orchestrate the immune response and play a pivotal role during infection, chronic inflammatory, autoimmune diseases, and carcinogenesis. CD4+ T helper cells can be subdivided into different subsets, which are characterized by a specific network of transcriptional regulators and unique cytokine profiles: Th17 cells express RORγt that in turn promotes the transcription of Il17a, Il17f; Th1 cells, expresses T-bet and produces IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α; Th2 cells express GATA-3 and secrete IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. The two most studied regulatory T cell subtypes are Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, which can be generated either in the thymus (tTreg) or induced in peripheral lymphoid organs (pTregs) and type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1), which are induced in the periphery. These T helper cell subsets can be differentiated from naïve T cells. In addition, recent findings indicate that some T helper cell subsets can emerge from other T helper cells, suggesting a certain degree of plastiticy. Here we report basic aspects of T helper cell differentiation and function while underlining some still open questions.
AB - CD4+ T helper cells orchestrate the immune response and play a pivotal role during infection, chronic inflammatory, autoimmune diseases, and carcinogenesis. CD4+ T helper cells can be subdivided into different subsets, which are characterized by a specific network of transcriptional regulators and unique cytokine profiles: Th17 cells express RORγt that in turn promotes the transcription of Il17a, Il17f; Th1 cells, expresses T-bet and produces IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α; Th2 cells express GATA-3 and secrete IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. The two most studied regulatory T cell subtypes are Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, which can be generated either in the thymus (tTreg) or induced in peripheral lymphoid organs (pTregs) and type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1), which are induced in the periphery. These T helper cell subsets can be differentiated from naïve T cells. In addition, recent findings indicate that some T helper cell subsets can emerge from other T helper cells, suggesting a certain degree of plastiticy. Here we report basic aspects of T helper cell differentiation and function while underlining some still open questions.
KW - Journal Article
U2 - 10.1007/978-1-4939-6548-9_2
DO - 10.1007/978-1-4939-6548-9_2
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 27787789
VL - 1514
SP - 19
EP - 30
JO - Methods Mol Biol
JF - Methods Mol Biol
SN - 1064-3745
ER -