Autoimmune hypophysitis secondary to therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors: Four cases describing the clinical heterogeneity of central endocrine dysfunction
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are becoming increasingly important in oncology. Immune-related adverse events, including autoimmune hypophysitis, have been reported before.
CASE REPORT: We present a case series of three males and one female, suffering from either malignant melanoma or renal cell carcinoma, who developed hypophysitis under Nivolumab and/or Ipilimumab. A wide range of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic hypophysitis, headache, general weakness, loss of appetite, visual field impairment, and confusion to acute life-threatening Addison crisis was observed.Management and outcome: All patients received corticosteroids. Immune checkpoint inhibitors were discontinued in three cases until resolution of symptoms.
DISCUSSION: The objective of our report is to raise the awareness of physicians, regarding this rare clinical entity, which may become life-threatening, if not promptly recognized and properly treated.
Bibliographical data
Original language | English |
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ISSN | 1078-1552 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 10.2020 |
PubMed | 32164491 |
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