The role of expectancies and emotional load in false auditory perceptions among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders
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The role of expectancies and emotional load in false auditory perceptions among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. / Gawęda, Łukasz; Moritz, Steffen.
in: EUR ARCH PSY CLIN N, Jahrgang 271, Nr. 4, 06.2021, S. 713-722.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz › Forschung › Begutachtung
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of expectancies and emotional load in false auditory perceptions among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders
AU - Gawęda, Łukasz
AU - Moritz, Steffen
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2019, The Author(s).
PY - 2021/6
Y1 - 2021/6
N2 - Cognitive models suggest that top-down and emotional processes increase false perceptions in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). However, little is still known about the interaction of these processes in false auditory perceptions. The present study aimed at investigating the specific as well as joint impacts of expectancies and emotional load on false auditory perceptions in SSD. Thirty-three patients with SSD and 33 matched healthy controls were assessed with a false perception task. Participants were asked to detect a target stimulus (a word) in a white noise background (the word was present in 60% of the cases and absent in 40%). Conditions varied in terms of the level of expectancy (1. no cue prior to the stimulus, 2. semantic priming, 3. semantic priming accompanied by a video of a man’s mouth spelling out the word). The words used were neutral or emotionally negative. Symptom severity was assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Higher expectancy significantly increased the likelihood of false auditory perceptions only among the patients with SSD (the group x expectancy condition interaction was significant), which was unrelated to general cognitive performance. Emotional load had no impact on false auditory perceptions in either group. Patients made more false auditory perceptions with high confidence than controls did. False auditory perceptions were significantly correlated with the severity of positive symptoms and disorganization, but not with other dimensions. Perception in SSD seems to be susceptible to top-down processes, increasing the likelihood of high-confidence false auditory perceptions.
AB - Cognitive models suggest that top-down and emotional processes increase false perceptions in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). However, little is still known about the interaction of these processes in false auditory perceptions. The present study aimed at investigating the specific as well as joint impacts of expectancies and emotional load on false auditory perceptions in SSD. Thirty-three patients with SSD and 33 matched healthy controls were assessed with a false perception task. Participants were asked to detect a target stimulus (a word) in a white noise background (the word was present in 60% of the cases and absent in 40%). Conditions varied in terms of the level of expectancy (1. no cue prior to the stimulus, 2. semantic priming, 3. semantic priming accompanied by a video of a man’s mouth spelling out the word). The words used were neutral or emotionally negative. Symptom severity was assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Higher expectancy significantly increased the likelihood of false auditory perceptions only among the patients with SSD (the group x expectancy condition interaction was significant), which was unrelated to general cognitive performance. Emotional load had no impact on false auditory perceptions in either group. Patients made more false auditory perceptions with high confidence than controls did. False auditory perceptions were significantly correlated with the severity of positive symptoms and disorganization, but not with other dimensions. Perception in SSD seems to be susceptible to top-down processes, increasing the likelihood of high-confidence false auditory perceptions.
KW - Confidence
KW - False perception
KW - Perceptual abnormalities
KW - Psychosis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85071770390&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00406-019-01065-2
DO - 10.1007/s00406-019-01065-2
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 31493150
AN - SCOPUS:85071770390
VL - 271
SP - 713
EP - 722
JO - EUR ARCH PSY CLIN N
JF - EUR ARCH PSY CLIN N
SN - 0940-1334
IS - 4
ER -