The costs of social anxiety disorder: the role of symptom severity and comorbidities
Standard
The costs of social anxiety disorder: the role of symptom severity and comorbidities. / Stuhldreher, Nina; Leibing, Eric ; Leichsenring, Falk; Beutel, Manfred E; Herpertz, Stephan; Hoyer, Juergen; Konnopka, Alexander; Salzer, Simone; Strauss, Bernhard; Wiltink, Joerg; König, Hans-Helmut.
in: J AFFECT DISORDERS, Jahrgang 165, 01.08.2014, S. 87-94.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz › Forschung › Begutachtung
Harvard
APA
Vancouver
Bibtex
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
T1 - The costs of social anxiety disorder: the role of symptom severity and comorbidities
AU - Stuhldreher, Nina
AU - Leibing, Eric
AU - Leichsenring, Falk
AU - Beutel, Manfred E
AU - Herpertz, Stephan
AU - Hoyer, Juergen
AU - Konnopka, Alexander
AU - Salzer, Simone
AU - Strauss, Bernhard
AU - Wiltink, Joerg
AU - König, Hans-Helmut
N1 - Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2014/8/1
Y1 - 2014/8/1
N2 - BACKGROUND: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is associated with low direct costs compared to other anxiety disorders while indirect costs tend to be high. Mental comorbidities have been identified to increase costs, but the role of symptom severity is still vague. The objective of this study was to determine the costs of SAD, and to explore the impact of symptoms and comorbidities on direct and indirect costs.METHODS: Baseline data, collected within the SOPHO-NET multi-centre treatment study (N=495), were used. Costs were calculated based on health care utilization and lost productivity. Symptom severity was measured with the Liebowitz-Social-Anxiety-Scale; comorbidities were included as covariates.RESULTS: Total 6-month costs were accrued to €4802; 23% being direct costs. While there was no significant association with SAD symptom severity for direct costs, costs of absenteeism increased with symptom severity in those with costs >0; comorbid affective disorders and eating disorders had an additional effect. Self-rated productivity was lower with more pronounced symptoms even after controlling for comorbidities.LIMITATIONS: As the study was based on a clinical sample total costs were considered, rather than net costs of SAD and no population costs could be calculated.DISCUSSION: The burden associated with lost productivity was considerable while costs of healthcare utilization were rather low as most patients had not sought for treatment before. Efforts to identify patients with SAD earlier and to provide adequate treatment should be further increased. Mental comorbidities should be addressed as well, since they account for a large part of indirect costs associated with SAD.
AB - BACKGROUND: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is associated with low direct costs compared to other anxiety disorders while indirect costs tend to be high. Mental comorbidities have been identified to increase costs, but the role of symptom severity is still vague. The objective of this study was to determine the costs of SAD, and to explore the impact of symptoms and comorbidities on direct and indirect costs.METHODS: Baseline data, collected within the SOPHO-NET multi-centre treatment study (N=495), were used. Costs were calculated based on health care utilization and lost productivity. Symptom severity was measured with the Liebowitz-Social-Anxiety-Scale; comorbidities were included as covariates.RESULTS: Total 6-month costs were accrued to €4802; 23% being direct costs. While there was no significant association with SAD symptom severity for direct costs, costs of absenteeism increased with symptom severity in those with costs >0; comorbid affective disorders and eating disorders had an additional effect. Self-rated productivity was lower with more pronounced symptoms even after controlling for comorbidities.LIMITATIONS: As the study was based on a clinical sample total costs were considered, rather than net costs of SAD and no population costs could be calculated.DISCUSSION: The burden associated with lost productivity was considerable while costs of healthcare utilization were rather low as most patients had not sought for treatment before. Efforts to identify patients with SAD earlier and to provide adequate treatment should be further increased. Mental comorbidities should be addressed as well, since they account for a large part of indirect costs associated with SAD.
KW - Absenteeism
KW - Adult
KW - Anxiety Disorders
KW - Comorbidity
KW - Cost of Illness
KW - Efficiency
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Self Report
KW - Severity of Illness Index
KW - Social Behavior
KW - Young Adult
U2 - 10.1016/j.jad.2014.04.039
DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2014.04.039
M3 - SCORING: Journal article
C2 - 24882183
VL - 165
SP - 87
EP - 94
JO - J AFFECT DISORDERS
JF - J AFFECT DISORDERS
SN - 0165-0327
ER -