Short- and long-term results of liver transplantation according to age at transplant: a single-center experience of 351 children

Pediatric liver transplantation (PLT) has very good results at experienced transplant centers. However, there is still an ongoing discussion about inferior outcomes, especially in young infants. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate outcomes of infants compared to older recipients in a single center over 20 years. We conducted a retrospective study of children who received liver transplants at our center between 1991 and 2011. Only patients without other limiting organ involvement were included and compared according to age. The inclusion criteria were fulfilled by 351 patients (173 vs. 178). The most common indication in both groups was biliary atresia (82.1% vs. 49.4%). The 1-, 5-, and 10-year patient survivals were 93.8%/91.8%/91.1% and 93%/90.8%/90.1%, and the graft survivals were 90.4%/83.5%/79.6% and 89.4%/81.8%/77.5%, respectively. Complications such as postoperative bleeding, biliary complications, or perfusion impairment occurred more often in infants. Leading indications for retransplantation (vascular complications/primary nonfunction) and leading causes of death (sepsis/multiorgan failure) were the same in both groups. Significant predictors for patient loss were decade of transplantation, retransplantation, postoperative bleeding, and infections for infants. Predictors for graft loss were bowel perforation, arterial thrombosis, and age >12 months. Children can have excellent results, independent of age at PLT.