Real-time multi-contrast magnetic particle imaging for the detection of gastrointestinal bleeding

TY - JOUR

T1 - Real-time multi-contrast magnetic particle imaging for the detection of gastrointestinal bleeding

AU - Mohn, Fabian

AU - Szwargulski, Patryk

AU - Kaul, Michael G

AU - Graeser, Matthias

AU - Mummert, Tobias

AU - Krishnan, Kannan M

AU - Knopp, Tobias

AU - Adam, Gerhard

AU - Salamon, Johannes

AU - Riedel, Christoph

N1 - © 2023. The Author(s).

PY - 2023/12/27

Y1 - 2023/12/27

N2 - Gastrointestinal bleeding, as a potentially life-threatening condition, is typically diagnosed by radiation-based imaging modalities like computed tomography or more invasively catheter-based angiography. Endoscopy enables examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract and the colon but not of the entire small bowel. Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) enables non-invasive, volumetric imaging without ionizing radiation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of detecting gastrointestinal bleeding by single- and multi-contrast MPI using human-sized organs. A 3D-printed small bowel phantom and porcine small bowel specimens were prepared with a defect within the bowel wall as the source of a bleeding. For multi-contrast MPI, the bowel lumen was filled with an intestinal tracer representing an orally administered tracer. MPI was performed to evaluate the fluid exchange between the vascular compartment of the bowel wall and the lumen while a blood pool tracer was applied. Leakage of the blood pool tracer was observed to the bowel lumen. Multi-contrast MPI enabled co-registration of both tracers at the same location within the bowel lumen indicating gastrointestinal bleeding. Single- and multi-contrast MPI are feasible to visualize gastrointestinal bleeding. Therefore, MPI might emerge as a useful tool for radiation-free detection of bleeding within the entire gastrointestinal tract.

AB - Gastrointestinal bleeding, as a potentially life-threatening condition, is typically diagnosed by radiation-based imaging modalities like computed tomography or more invasively catheter-based angiography. Endoscopy enables examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract and the colon but not of the entire small bowel. Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) enables non-invasive, volumetric imaging without ionizing radiation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of detecting gastrointestinal bleeding by single- and multi-contrast MPI using human-sized organs. A 3D-printed small bowel phantom and porcine small bowel specimens were prepared with a defect within the bowel wall as the source of a bleeding. For multi-contrast MPI, the bowel lumen was filled with an intestinal tracer representing an orally administered tracer. MPI was performed to evaluate the fluid exchange between the vascular compartment of the bowel wall and the lumen while a blood pool tracer was applied. Leakage of the blood pool tracer was observed to the bowel lumen. Multi-contrast MPI enabled co-registration of both tracers at the same location within the bowel lumen indicating gastrointestinal bleeding. Single- and multi-contrast MPI are feasible to visualize gastrointestinal bleeding. Therefore, MPI might emerge as a useful tool for radiation-free detection of bleeding within the entire gastrointestinal tract.

KW - Humans

KW - Animals

KW - Swine

KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods

KW - Magnetite Nanoparticles

KW - Phantoms, Imaging

KW - Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging

KW - Magnetic Phenomena

U2 - 10.1038/s41598-023-50041-3

DO - 10.1038/s41598-023-50041-3

M3 - SCORING: Journal article

C2 - 38151569

VL - 13

JO - SCI REP-UK

JF - SCI REP-UK

SN - 2045-2322

IS - 1

M1 - 22976

ER -