Pulmonale Komplikationen bei Lebererkrankungen

TY - JOUR

T1 - Pulmonale Komplikationen bei Lebererkrankungen

AU - Horvatits, T

AU - Drolz, Andreas

AU - Kluge, S

AU - Fuhrmann, V

PY - 2014/5/1

Y1 - 2014/5/1

N2 - Pulmonary-hepatic vascular disorders are frequent complications in patients with portal hypertension and cirrhosis. Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), portopulmonary hypertension (POPH), and hepatic hydrothorax are relevant disease entities in these patients. HPS occurs in up to 30 % of patients with cirrhosis and is associated with a more than 2-fold increased mortality. The diagnosis of HPS should be established early by arterial blood gas analysis and contrast-enhanced echocardiography, whereas POPH is diagnosed by the presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension evaluated via right heart catheterization and the presence of portal hypertension. Therapeutic options include initiation of long-term oxygen therapy and liver transplantation in patients with severe HPS. Patients with POPH should receive targeted medical therapies with endothelin receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and/or prostanoids. In contrast, β-blockers should be avoided. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding pulmonary-hepatic vascular disorders, with a focus on HPS.

AB - Pulmonary-hepatic vascular disorders are frequent complications in patients with portal hypertension and cirrhosis. Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), portopulmonary hypertension (POPH), and hepatic hydrothorax are relevant disease entities in these patients. HPS occurs in up to 30 % of patients with cirrhosis and is associated with a more than 2-fold increased mortality. The diagnosis of HPS should be established early by arterial blood gas analysis and contrast-enhanced echocardiography, whereas POPH is diagnosed by the presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension evaluated via right heart catheterization and the presence of portal hypertension. Therapeutic options include initiation of long-term oxygen therapy and liver transplantation in patients with severe HPS. Patients with POPH should receive targeted medical therapies with endothelin receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and/or prostanoids. In contrast, β-blockers should be avoided. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding pulmonary-hepatic vascular disorders, with a focus on HPS.

U2 - 10.1007/s00063-013-0319-y

DO - 10.1007/s00063-013-0319-y

M3 - SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz

C2 - 24763525

VL - 109

SP - 235

EP - 239

JO - MED KLIN-INTENSIVMED

JF - MED KLIN-INTENSIVMED

SN - 2193-6218

IS - 4

ER -