Prognostische und prädiktive molekulare Marker urologischer Tumoren

TY - JOUR

T1 - Prognostische und prädiktive molekulare Marker urologischer Tumoren

AU - Hartmann, K A

AU - Schlomm, T

AU - Bertz, S

AU - Heinzelmann, J

AU - Hölters, S

AU - Simon, R

AU - Stoehr, R

AU - Junker, K

PY - 2014/4/1

Y1 - 2014/4/1

N2 - Molecular prognostic factors and genetic alterations as predictive markers for cancer-specific targeted therapies are used today in the clinic for many malignancies. In recent years, many molecular markers for urogenital cancers have also been identified. However, these markers are not clinically used yet. In prostate cancer, novel next-generation sequencing methods revealed a detailed picture of the molecular changes. There is growing evidence that a combination of classical histopathological and validated molecular markers could lead to a more precise estimation of prognosis, thus, resulting in an increasing number of patients with active surveillance as a possible treatment option. In patients with urothelial carcinoma, histopathological factors but also the proliferation of the tumor, mutations in oncogenes leading to an increasing proliferation rate and changes in genes responsible for invasion and metastasis are important. In addition, gene expression profiles which could distinguish aggressive tumors with high risk of metastasis from nonmetastasizing tumors have been recently identified. In the future, this could potentially allow better selection of patients needing systemic perioperative treatment. In renal cell carcinoma, many molecular markers that are associated with metastasis and survival have been identified. Some of these markers were also validated as independent prognostic markers. Selection of patients with primarily organ-confined tumors and increased risk of metastasis for adjuvant systemic therapy could be clinically relevant in the future.

AB - Molecular prognostic factors and genetic alterations as predictive markers for cancer-specific targeted therapies are used today in the clinic for many malignancies. In recent years, many molecular markers for urogenital cancers have also been identified. However, these markers are not clinically used yet. In prostate cancer, novel next-generation sequencing methods revealed a detailed picture of the molecular changes. There is growing evidence that a combination of classical histopathological and validated molecular markers could lead to a more precise estimation of prognosis, thus, resulting in an increasing number of patients with active surveillance as a possible treatment option. In patients with urothelial carcinoma, histopathological factors but also the proliferation of the tumor, mutations in oncogenes leading to an increasing proliferation rate and changes in genes responsible for invasion and metastasis are important. In addition, gene expression profiles which could distinguish aggressive tumors with high risk of metastasis from nonmetastasizing tumors have been recently identified. In the future, this could potentially allow better selection of patients needing systemic perioperative treatment. In renal cell carcinoma, many molecular markers that are associated with metastasis and survival have been identified. Some of these markers were also validated as independent prognostic markers. Selection of patients with primarily organ-confined tumors and increased risk of metastasis for adjuvant systemic therapy could be clinically relevant in the future.

KW - Adult

KW - Aged

KW - Carcinoma, Renal Cell

KW - Carcinoma, Transitional Cell

KW - Genetic Association Studies

KW - Humans

KW - Kidney

KW - Kidney Neoplasms

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Molecular Diagnostic Techniques

KW - Molecular Sequence Data

KW - Neoplasm Grading

KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

KW - Predictive Value of Tests

KW - Prognosis

KW - Prostate

KW - Prostatic Neoplasms

KW - Tumor Markers, Biological

KW - Urinary Bladder

KW - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

KW - Urogenital Neoplasms

U2 - 10.1007/s00120-014-3442-3

DO - 10.1007/s00120-014-3442-3

M3 - SCORING: Zeitschriftenaufsatz

C2 - 24700189

VL - 53

SP - 491

EP - 500

JO - UROLOGE

JF - UROLOGE

SN - 0340-2592

IS - 4

ER -