Predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease
Standard
Predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease : where does lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) fit in? / Khuseyinova, Natalie; Koenig, Wolfgang.
in: MOL DIAGN THER, Jahrgang 11, Nr. 4, 2007, S. 203-217.Publikationen: SCORING: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift/Zeitung › SCORING: Review › Forschung
Harvard
APA
Vancouver
Bibtex
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
T1 - Predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease
T2 - where does lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) fit in?
AU - Khuseyinova, Natalie
AU - Koenig, Wolfgang
PY - 2007
Y1 - 2007
N2 - Although an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype has been well recognized as an important predictor of cardiovascular disease, recent studies have demonstrated a number of additional lipid-related markers as emerging biomarkers to identify patients at risk for future coronary heart disease. Among them, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)), seems to be a promising candidate that might be added to the clinical armamentarium for improved prediction of cardiovascular disease in the future. Of particular note, Lp-PLA(2) is the only enzyme that cleaves oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in the subendothelial space, with further generation of proinflammatory mediators such as lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) and oxidized fatty acid (oxFA), thereby probably linking two important features of atherogenesis, namely oxidation of LDL and local inflammatory processes within the atherosclerotic plaque. This overview aims to summarize our current knowledge based on observations from recent experimental and clinical studies. Emphasis has been put on potential pathophysiological mechanisms of action and on the clinical relevance of Lp-PLA(2) in a wide variety of clinical settings, including apparently healthy individuals, patients with stable angina or acute coronary syndromes, after myocardial infarction, and with subclinical disease. Although a growing body of evidence from epidemiological and clinical studies suggests that Lp-PLA(2) may represent an independent and clinically relevant long-term risk marker for coronary heart disease and, probably, also for stroke, the role of this enzyme in the setting of the acute coronary syndrome remains to be established.
AB - Although an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype has been well recognized as an important predictor of cardiovascular disease, recent studies have demonstrated a number of additional lipid-related markers as emerging biomarkers to identify patients at risk for future coronary heart disease. Among them, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)), seems to be a promising candidate that might be added to the clinical armamentarium for improved prediction of cardiovascular disease in the future. Of particular note, Lp-PLA(2) is the only enzyme that cleaves oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in the subendothelial space, with further generation of proinflammatory mediators such as lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) and oxidized fatty acid (oxFA), thereby probably linking two important features of atherogenesis, namely oxidation of LDL and local inflammatory processes within the atherosclerotic plaque. This overview aims to summarize our current knowledge based on observations from recent experimental and clinical studies. Emphasis has been put on potential pathophysiological mechanisms of action and on the clinical relevance of Lp-PLA(2) in a wide variety of clinical settings, including apparently healthy individuals, patients with stable angina or acute coronary syndromes, after myocardial infarction, and with subclinical disease. Although a growing body of evidence from epidemiological and clinical studies suggests that Lp-PLA(2) may represent an independent and clinically relevant long-term risk marker for coronary heart disease and, probably, also for stroke, the role of this enzyme in the setting of the acute coronary syndrome remains to be established.
KW - 1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase/metabolism
KW - Animals
KW - C-Reactive Protein/metabolism
KW - Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis
KW - Humans
KW - Meta-Analysis as Topic
KW - Risk Factors
U2 - 10.1007/BF03256242
DO - 10.1007/BF03256242
M3 - SCORING: Review article
C2 - 17705575
VL - 11
SP - 203
EP - 217
JO - MOL DIAGN THER
JF - MOL DIAGN THER
SN - 1177-1062
IS - 4
ER -