Postnatal podocyte gain

TY - JOUR

T1 - Postnatal podocyte gain

T2 - Is the jury still out?

AU - Puelles, Victor G

AU - Moeller, Marcus J

N1 - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

PY - 2019/7

Y1 - 2019/7

N2 - Chronic kidney disease can be understood as a pathological reduction in the number of functional glomeruli. It is a frequent medical problem and one of the major independent risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In humans, glomeruli/nephrons are generated during the prenatal period (glomerular endowment), which may be impaired by multiple conditions. After birth, glomeruli are progressively lost - mostly due to glomerular scarring (focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; FSGS). Multiple independent studies have shown that significant loss of glomerular visceral epithelial cells (podocytes) is sufficient to induce FSGS. It is generally believed that podocytes cannot renew themselves and it has been generally assumed that their number is determined at birth (podocyte endowment). However, there are several lines of experimental evidence showing that podocytes can be replenished in the postnatal period. First, a limited reserve of podocytes has been reported on Bowman's capsule, which may be associated with body growth and increases in glomerular size between childhood and adulthood. Second, two intrinsic progenitor cell niches have been proposed to replenish podocytes throughout adult life and in association with glomerular injury and podocyte loss: parietal epithelial cells and/or cells of the renin lineage. While there is increasing evidence supporting postnatal podocyte gain, controversy remains about the involved signalling pathways and the efficiency of these sources to prevent nephron loss.

AB - Chronic kidney disease can be understood as a pathological reduction in the number of functional glomeruli. It is a frequent medical problem and one of the major independent risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In humans, glomeruli/nephrons are generated during the prenatal period (glomerular endowment), which may be impaired by multiple conditions. After birth, glomeruli are progressively lost - mostly due to glomerular scarring (focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; FSGS). Multiple independent studies have shown that significant loss of glomerular visceral epithelial cells (podocytes) is sufficient to induce FSGS. It is generally believed that podocytes cannot renew themselves and it has been generally assumed that their number is determined at birth (podocyte endowment). However, there are several lines of experimental evidence showing that podocytes can be replenished in the postnatal period. First, a limited reserve of podocytes has been reported on Bowman's capsule, which may be associated with body growth and increases in glomerular size between childhood and adulthood. Second, two intrinsic progenitor cell niches have been proposed to replenish podocytes throughout adult life and in association with glomerular injury and podocyte loss: parietal epithelial cells and/or cells of the renin lineage. While there is increasing evidence supporting postnatal podocyte gain, controversy remains about the involved signalling pathways and the efficiency of these sources to prevent nephron loss.

U2 - 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.07.007

DO - 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.07.007

M3 - SCORING: Review article

C2 - 31178004

VL - 91

SP - 147

EP - 152

JO - SEMIN CELL DEV BIOL

JF - SEMIN CELL DEV BIOL

SN - 1084-9521

ER -